Prevalence of risk factors among adolescents who suicide attempt: a cross-sectional study.

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da U S P Pub Date : 2024-11-04 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2024-0197en
Danton Matheus de Souza, Carlos Alberto Dos Santos Treichel, Lucca Garcia Moreira Ribeiro, Ana Paula Scoleze Ferrer, Lisabelle Mariano Rossato
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Abstract

Objective: To analyze the prevalence of risk factors among adolescents treated at an emergency department due to suicide attempt.

Method: A cross-sectional, documentary, and retrospective study, conducted through the analysis of medical records of adolescents treated at an emergency department in a Brazilian teaching hospital from January 2015 to May 2023. Risk factors were divided into behavioral, health, violence, conflict, and stress. Data were subjected to descriptive and inferential analysis.

Results: A total of 140 adolescent medical records were analyzed. Family conflicts (47.8%), previous suicide attempt (47.1%) and self-harm (30.7%) were the most prevalent risk factors. Risk factors were associated with age, sex, race, education, previous mental disorder and use of psychotropic medication (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: A high prevalence of risk factors for suicide attempt in adolescents was observed, which was associated with sociodemographic characteristics. It is expected that this study will promote reflections on the translation of Brazilian public policies into care, especially in health promotion, with interventions that aim to reduce risk factors and enhance protective factors.

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自杀未遂青少年中风险因素的普遍性:一项横断面研究。
目的分析因自杀未遂而在急诊科接受治疗的青少年中风险因素的普遍性:2015年1月至2023年5月期间,通过分析巴西一家教学医院急诊科收治的青少年病历,开展了一项横断面、文献和回顾性研究。风险因素分为行为、健康、暴力、冲突和压力。对数据进行了描述性和推论性分析:共分析了 140 份青少年病历。家庭冲突(47.8%)、自杀未遂(47.1%)和自我伤害(30.7%)是最普遍的风险因素。风险因素与年龄、性别、种族、教育程度、既往精神障碍和使用精神药物有关(P < 0.05):结论:研究发现,青少年企图自杀的风险因素发生率较高,这与社会人口学特征有关。预计这项研究将促进人们思考如何将巴西的公共政策转化为护理政策,特别是在促进健康方面,采取干预措施以减少风险因素并增强保护因素。
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