Learning Gradient Descent to Optimize DAS Signal Estimation

Haitao Ma;Mengyang Yuan;Ning Wu;Yue Li;Yanan Tian
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Abstract

For subsequent seismic data processing and interpretation, it is important to obtain high-quality distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) signals from down-hole DAS data containing various complex noises. Model-based denoising methods mainly treat this signal estimation issue as a maximum a posteriori (MAP) optimization problem, for its relatively transparent mathematical model and wide range of applications. However, the manually designed prior assumption in MAP cannot accurately describe the actual distribution of DAS data, so the optimization parameters for obtaining high-quality solutions are difficult to determine, making it unavailable in DAS signal estimation. To solve these problems, we propose to emulate the optimization process of MAP with neural networks and accomplish the signal estimation task in feature space via some customized optimization modules. Specifically, we first construct an optimization unit (OPTU) to simulate the optimization process. And then, in order to further obtain the signal distribution of DAS data, we design in each OPTU, a multiscale dense feature aggregation (MDFA) module with the idea of back-projection fusion. With the help of OPTU, the optimization estimation process would be implemented more finely and automatically, expanding the application of MAP for accurate DAS signal estimation. Experiments on both synthetic and field DAS data demonstrate that our method can successfully estimate the high-quality signals from DAS data corrupted by complex noises, with less energy loss.
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学习梯度下降法优化 DAS 信号估计
对于后续的地震数据处理和解释而言,从含有各种复杂噪声的井下分布式声学传感(DAS)数据中获取高质量的分布式声学传感(DAS)信号非常重要。基于模型的去噪方法主要将信号估计问题作为最大后验(MAP)优化问题来处理,其数学模型相对透明,应用范围广泛。然而,MAP 中人工设计的先验假设无法准确描述 DAS 数据的实际分布,因此难以确定获得高质量解的优化参数,导致其在 DAS 信号估计中无法使用。为了解决这些问题,我们提出用神经网络模拟 MAP 的优化过程,通过一些定制的优化模块完成特征空间中的信号估计任务。具体来说,我们首先构建一个优化单元(OPTU)来模拟优化过程。然后,为了进一步获得 DAS 数据的信号分布,我们在每个 OPTU 中设计了一个具有反投影融合思想的多尺度密集特征聚合(MDFA)模块。在 OPTU 的帮助下,优化估计过程将更加精细和自动,从而扩大了 MAP 在准确估计 DAS 信号方面的应用。在合成和现场 DAS 数据上的实验表明,我们的方法可以成功地从被复杂噪声干扰的 DAS 数据中估算出高质量信号,而且能量损失较小。
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