Altered amino acid levels in young hypopituitarism: impact of NAFLD and insulin resistance

IF 3 3区生物学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Amino Acids Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI:10.1007/s00726-024-03429-y

Yuwen Zhang, Jiting Qiu, Shouyue Sun, Xuqian Fang

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Abstract

Elevated concentrations of amino acids (AAs) are commonly observed in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Individuals with hypopituitarism (HP) are at a heightened risk of developing NAFLD due to factors such as visceral obesity, increased insulin resistance (IR), and disturbances in lipid metabolism. However, the changes in AAs concentrations associated with HP remain poorly understood. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate whether individuals with HP, who were not receiving growth hormone replacement therapy (GHRT), exhibited altered AAs compared to controls (CTs), and whether these AAs were associated with IR, the presence of NAFLD, and the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) score. The AAs profiles of 133 young males with HP (age: 24.5 ± 5.9; 57 with NAFLD and 76 without NAFLD) and 90 age and BMI-matched CTs were analyzed using untargeted metabolomics. The results revealed that most AAs were found to be elevated in subjects with HPs compared to CTs. Glutamate, glutamine, norleucine, and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) (leucine and valine) were correlated with the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), with glutamate and norleucine showing independent linkage. Glutamate and proline levels were specifically associated with MetS score, while alanine and proline linked to NAFLD. Given that elevated glutamate and BCAAs levels have higher prevalence of NAFLD, we hypothesized that the changes in AAs observed in HPs may be attributed to the impact of NAFLD and IR.

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年轻垂体功能减退症患者氨基酸水平的改变：非酒精性脂肪肝和胰岛素抵抗的影响

非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFLD）患者体内通常会出现氨基酸（AAs）浓度升高的现象。由于内脏肥胖、胰岛素抵抗（IR）增加和脂质代谢紊乱等因素，垂体功能减退症（HP）患者罹患非酒精性脂肪肝的风险更高。然而，人们对与 HP 相关的 AAs 浓度变化仍然知之甚少。因此，我们的研究旨在调查与对照组（CTs）相比，未接受生长激素替代疗法（GHRT）的 HP 患者是否表现出 AAs 的变化，以及这些 AAs 是否与 IR、非酒精性脂肪肝的存在和代谢综合征（MetS）评分相关。研究人员采用非靶向代谢组学方法分析了133名患有HP的年轻男性（年龄：24.5 ± 5.9；57名患有非酒精性脂肪肝，76名没有非酒精性脂肪肝）和90名年龄和体重指数相匹配的CT的AAs谱。结果显示，与 CTs 相比，HPs 患者的大多数 AAs 都升高了。谷氨酸、谷氨酰胺、正亮氨酸和支链氨基酸（BCAAs）（亮氨酸和缬氨酸）与胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR）相关，谷氨酸和正亮氨酸显示出独立的联系。谷氨酸和脯氨酸水平与 MetS 评分特别相关，而丙氨酸和脯氨酸则与非酒精性脂肪肝相关。鉴于谷氨酸和 BCAAs 水平升高会导致非酒精性脂肪肝发病率升高，我们假设在 HPs 中观察到的 AAs 变化可能是由于非酒精性脂肪肝和 IR 的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Amino Acids 生物-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

5.70%

发文量

审稿时长

2.2 months

期刊介绍： Amino Acids publishes contributions from all fields of amino acid and protein research: analysis, separation, synthesis, biosynthesis, cross linking amino acids, racemization/enantiomers, modification of amino acids as phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, glycosylation and nonenzymatic glycosylation, new roles for amino acids in physiology and pathophysiology, biology, amino acid analogues and derivatives, polyamines, radiated amino acids, peptides, stable isotopes and isotopes of amino acids. Applications in medicine, food chemistry, nutrition, gastroenterology, nephrology, neurochemistry, pharmacology, excitatory amino acids are just some of the topics covered. Fields of interest include: Biochemistry, food chemistry, nutrition, neurology, psychiatry, pharmacology, nephrology, gastroenterology, microbiology