Bambusa vulgaris leaf extract inhibits the inflammatory and oxidative pathways in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Abstract

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Traditional and medicinal plant treatments for diabetes mellitus (DM) include Bambusa vulgaris (Shrad.), but little is known about the mechanism.

Aim of the study

This study investigated the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of B. vulgaris.

Materials and methods

DM was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). Thirty (30) male Wistar rats were then divided into six groups: control; diabetic control; metformin (100 mg/kg); 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of B. vulgaris (BV) treated. Fasting blood glucose and weights of rats were monitored at three-day intervals and sacrifice was done after twenty-one days. The activities of SOD, CAT, and liver marker enzymes were investigated. The expressions of insulin-sensitive (TGR5, GLP-1), pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, ICAM), and antioxidant genes (SOD, CAT) were investigated using RT-PCR. Schrödinger suites and Auto-Dock Vina were used for docking B. vulgaris phytocompounds identified from works of literature with TGR-5. The liver's histology was also assessed.

Results

BV increased antioxidant activities and reduced liver marker activities in the serum. BV downregulated the expressions of genes associated with inflammation and upregulated antioxidant and insulin-sensitive genes relative to diabetic control. BV regenerated the liver architectural tissue degenerated by inflammation due to STZ. B. vulgaris phytocompounds like farobin A (−11.493 kcal/mol), orientin (−12.296 kcal/mol), and rutin (−12.581 kcal/mol) have better binding energy with TGR5 than metformin (−1.961 kcal/mol).

Conclusion

The hepatoprotective and ameliorative effect of B. vulgaris in DM could be due to its ability to boost antioxidant status and insulin secretion and reduce inflammation.