A review of fluorescence imaging system supported by excitation-emission matrix for fruit and vegetable quality estimation

Abstract

A fluorescence imaging system (FIS) supported by the excitation-emission matrix (EEM), has emerged as a powerful tool for the non-destructive assessment of fruit and vegetable quality, offering low costs and good accuracy for various applications. EEM captures the fluorescence spectrum under specific excitation light and the corresponding emission fluorescence, which can be used for optimizing machine vision construction. The FIS-EEM system can explore and identify naturally occurring bioactive and phytonutrient components whose fluorescent characteristics can be used non-destructively to monitor changes in the quality and maturation of fruits and vegetables. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the principles and methodologies of FIS based on EEM. By offering a comprehensive overview, this paper serves as a valuable reference for designing FIS for assessing fruit and vegetable quality. It also directs challenges and perspectives toward developing high-performance fluorescence imaging systems for research and commercial applications.