Gastroparesis: An Updated Overview of Diagnostics and Management

Abstract

Gastroparesis (GP) is a rare debilitating gastrointestinal disorder characterized by delayed gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical obstruction. Etiologies include diabetes, postsurgical, medication, and idiopathic origins. Symptoms of GP include nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, early satiety, postprandial fullness, abdominal distention, unintentional weight loss, malnourishment, and dehydration. These nonspecific symptoms often lead to delays in diagnosis. The gold standard diagnostic test for GP is gastric emptying scintigraphy. The current treatment of GP is challenging; therefore, the utilization of a multidisciplinary approach with nonpharmacologic, pharmacologic, nutritional support, and procedural interventions is necessary in the care of these patients.