A Survey on Security of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) Protocol: Challenges, Potential Solutions, and Future Directions

IF 34.4 1区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI:10.1109/COMST.2024.3513213

Hammad Ahmed Khan;Haibat Khan;Salman Ghafoor;Mansoor Ahmed Khan

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Abstract

This work delves into critical examination of the broadcast data safety of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) system, an essential protocol for aircraft identification and navigation. Globally mandated by civil aviation regulatory bodies, ADS-B plays a pivotal role in shaping the future of Air Traffic Management initiatives. This study thoroughly investigates the vulnerabilities inherent in the open and un-encrypted nature of ADS-B data transmission. Given the widespread availability of Software-Defined Radios (SDRs), these security threats pose significant risks to Air Traffic Services and passenger safety. In light of these challenges, the paper scrutinises existing research and industry documents to comprehensively understand ADS-B vulnerabilities and assess threat levels and potential attacks. We also review recent developments and analyze proposed countermeasures aimed at enhancing the security of ADS-B data, possibly through protocol modifications or infrastructure enhancements.

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自动依赖监视广播（ADS-B）协议的安全性研究：挑战、潜在解决方案和未来方向

这项工作深入研究了自动相关监视广播（ADS-B）系统广播数据安全性的关键检查，ADS-B系统是飞机识别和导航的基本协议。ADS-B由全球民航监管机构授权，在塑造空中交通管理举措的未来方面发挥着关键作用。本研究深入探讨了ADS-B数据传输的开放和非加密特性所固有的漏洞。鉴于软件定义无线电（sdr）的广泛可用性，这些安全威胁对空中交通服务和乘客安全构成重大风险。鉴于这些挑战，本文仔细审查了现有的研究和行业文件，以全面了解ADS-B漏洞，并评估威胁级别和潜在攻击。我们还回顾了最近的发展，并分析了旨在提高ADS-B数据安全性的建议对策，可能通过修改协议或增强基础设施。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS-TELECOMMUNICATIONS

CiteScore

80.20

自引率

2.50%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials is an online journal published by the IEEE Communications Society for tutorials and surveys covering all aspects of the communications field. Telecommunications technology is progressing at a rapid pace, and the IEEE Communications Society is committed to providing researchers and other professionals the information and tools to stay abreast. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials focuses on integrating and adding understanding to the existing literature on communications, putting results in context. Whether searching for in-depth information about a familiar area or an introduction into a new area, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials aims to be the premier source of peer-reviewed, comprehensive tutorials and surveys, and pointers to further sources. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials publishes only articles exclusively written for IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials and go through a rigorous review process before their publication in the quarterly issues. A tutorial article in the IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials should be designed to help the reader to become familiar with and learn something specific about a chosen topic. In contrast, the term survey, as applied here, is defined to mean a survey of the literature. A survey article in IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials should provide a comprehensive review of developments in a selected area, covering its development from its inception to its current state and beyond, and illustrating its development through liberal citations from the literature. Both tutorials and surveys should be tutorial in nature and should be written in a style comprehensible to readers outside the specialty of the article.