Artificial Nanovesicles Derived from Cells: A Promising Alternative to Extracellular Vesicles

IF 8.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI:10.1021/acsami.4c12567

Saiyun Lou, Wei Hu, Pengyao Wei, Dongdong He, Pan Fu, Kejian Ding, Zhenyi Chen, Zhaoxing Dong, Jianping Zheng, Kaizhe Wang

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Abstract

As naturally secreted vesicles by cells, extracellular vesicles (EVs) play essential roles in modulating cell–cell communication and have significant potential in tissue regeneration, immune regulation, and drug delivery. However, the low yield and uncontrollable heterogeneity of EVs have been obstacles to their widespread translation into clinical practice. Recently, it has been discovered that artificial nanovesicles (NVs) produced by cell processing can inherit the components and functions of the parent cells and possess similar structures and functions to EVs, with significantly higher yields and more flexible functionalization, making them a powerful complement to natural EVs. This review focuses on recent advances in the research of artificial NVs as replacements for natural EVs. We provide an overview comparing natural EVs and artificial NVs and summarize the top-down preparation strategies of NVs. The applications of NVs prepared from stem cells, differentiated cells, and engineered cells are presented, as well as the latest advances in NV engineering. Finally, the main challenges of artificial NVs are discussed.

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来源于细胞的人造纳米囊泡：细胞外囊泡的一个有前途的替代品

作为细胞自然分泌的囊泡，细胞外囊泡（EVs）在调节细胞-细胞通讯方面发挥着重要作用，在组织再生、免疫调节和药物输送方面具有巨大潜力。然而，EVs 的低产量和不可控制的异质性一直是其广泛应用于临床实践的障碍。最近，人们发现通过细胞加工产生的人工纳米颗粒（NVs）可以继承母细胞的成分和功能，具有与EVs相似的结构和功能，而且产量显著提高，功能化更加灵活，是天然EVs的有力补充。本综述重点介绍人工 NVs 作为天然 EVs 替代品的最新研究进展。我们概述了天然 EV 与人工 NV 的比较，并总结了 NV 自上而下的制备策略。介绍了由干细胞、分化细胞和工程细胞制备的 NV 的应用，以及 NV 工程的最新进展。最后，讨论了人工 NV 所面临的主要挑战。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

16.00

自引率

6.30%

发文量

4978

审稿时长

1.8 months

期刊介绍： ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces is a leading interdisciplinary journal that brings together chemists, engineers, physicists, and biologists to explore the development and utilization of newly-discovered materials and interfacial processes for specific applications. Our journal has experienced remarkable growth since its establishment in 2009, both in terms of the number of articles published and the impact of the research showcased. We are proud to foster a truly global community, with the majority of published articles originating from outside the United States, reflecting the rapid growth of applied research worldwide.