Prevalence of BCG scar among vaccinated children and its correlation with Mantoux skin test at Omdawanban area, Sudan.

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY Tuberculosis Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI:10.1016/j.tube.2024.102596

Sabir Awad Mustafa

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Abstract

Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health concern globally. Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination is widely used, but scar formation post-vaccination is not universal, which raises concerns about its efficacy. The Mantoux test is used to assess the immune response following BCG vaccination. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of BCG scar formation among vaccinated children and its correlation with Mantoux test reactions.

Methods: This quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among children aged 3 months to 9 years at the vaccination office in Omdawanban, Sudan, from September to October 2021. Data were collected using structured surveys and the Mantoux skin test.

Results: Out of 350 vaccinated children, 285 (81.4 %) exhibited a visible BCG scar, while 65 (18.6 %) did not. Mantoux test positivity was observed in 132 children (37.7 %). A significant association was found between the presence of a BCG scar and a positive Mantoux test result (p < 0.05), with 39.3 % of children with a visible scar showing positive Mantoux results compared to 30.8 % of children without a scar. The likelihood of a positive Mantoux test was 3.2 times higher in children with a visible BCG scar (OR = 3.2, 95 % CI [1.8-5.8]). Mantoux positivity also varied by age, with the highest rate (41.2 %) observed among children aged 5-9 years (p = 0.03).

Conclusions: There is a significant association between BCG scar formation and Mantoux test positivity. Improved training for healthcare workers and better education for mothers about vaccination are recommended.

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苏丹奥姆达万班地区接种疫苗儿童卡介苗瘢痕患病率及其与曼图克斯皮肤试验的相关性

目的：结核病（TB）仍然是全球重大的公共卫生问题。卡介苗（Bacille calmette - gusamrin， BCG）疫苗被广泛使用，但接种后形成疤痕的情况并不普遍，这引起了人们对其有效性的担忧。Mantoux试验用于评估卡介苗接种后的免疫反应。本研究旨在评估接种儿童卡介苗瘢痕形成的患病率及其与曼图克斯试验反应的相关性。方法：这项定量、横断面描述性研究于2021年9月至10月在苏丹奥姆达万班疫苗接种办公室对3个月至9岁的儿童进行。数据通过结构化调查和Mantoux皮肤试验收集。结果：在350名接种疫苗的儿童中，285名（81.4%）表现出明显的卡介苗疤痕，65名（18.6%）没有。Mantoux试验阳性132例（37.7%）。结论：卡介苗瘢痕的形成与Mantoux试验阳性之间存在显著相关性。建议加强对卫生保健工作者的培训，并加强对母亲的疫苗接种教育。

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来源期刊

Tuberculosis 医学-呼吸系统

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

3.10%

发文量

审稿时长

49 days

期刊介绍： Tuberculosis is a speciality journal focusing on basic experimental research on tuberculosis, notably on bacteriological, immunological and pathogenesis aspects of the disease. The journal publishes original research and reviews on the host response and immunology of tuberculosis and the molecular biology, genetics and physiology of the organism, however discourages submissions with a meta-analytical focus (for example, articles based on searches of published articles in public electronic databases, especially where there is lack of evidence of the personal involvement of authors in the generation of such material). We do not publish Clinical Case-Studies. Areas on which submissions are welcomed include: -Clinical TrialsDiagnostics- Antimicrobial resistance- Immunology- Leprosy- Microbiology, including microbial physiology- Molecular epidemiology- Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria- Pathogenesis- Pathology- Vaccine development. This Journal does not accept case-reports. The resurgence of interest in tuberculosis has accelerated the pace of relevant research and Tuberculosis has grown with it, as the only journal dedicated to experimental biomedical research in tuberculosis.