{"title":"Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Temperature Responses to the May 2024 Mother's Day Storm","authors":"Xiao Liu, Jiyao Xu, Jia Yue, Wenbin Wang, Juliano Moro","doi":"10.1029/2024GL112179","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>The storm-time temperature difference with respect to its quiet-time expectation (ΔT) in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere were studied during the extreme storms on 2024 Mother's Day and 2003 Halloween Day. The storm-time ΔT were determined by performing daily zonal running mean on the temperature profiles in the ascending and descending nodes separately. The storm-time ΔT had peak values of ≥25 K and extended downward to ∼100 km globally. Above 105 km, the global mean ΔT had values of ≥20 K in the early morning and of ≥15 K in the late afternoon during storm-time. At high latitudes, the storm-time ΔT was larger in the late afternoon than in the early morning. This is opposite to that at middle and low latitudes. Adiabatic warming/cooling caused by the heating-induced circulation changes outside of the auroral oval is likely responsible for the local time and latitude dependence of the storm-time ΔT.</p>","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL112179","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Geophysical Research Letters","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2024GL112179","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The storm-time temperature difference with respect to its quiet-time expectation (ΔT) in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere were studied during the extreme storms on 2024 Mother's Day and 2003 Halloween Day. The storm-time ΔT were determined by performing daily zonal running mean on the temperature profiles in the ascending and descending nodes separately. The storm-time ΔT had peak values of ≥25 K and extended downward to ∼100 km globally. Above 105 km, the global mean ΔT had values of ≥20 K in the early morning and of ≥15 K in the late afternoon during storm-time. At high latitudes, the storm-time ΔT was larger in the late afternoon than in the early morning. This is opposite to that at middle and low latitudes. Adiabatic warming/cooling caused by the heating-induced circulation changes outside of the auroral oval is likely responsible for the local time and latitude dependence of the storm-time ΔT.
期刊介绍:
Geophysical Research Letters (GRL) publishes high-impact, innovative, and timely research on major scientific advances in all the major geoscience disciplines. Papers are communications-length articles and should have broad and immediate implications in their discipline or across the geosciences. GRLmaintains the fastest turn-around of all high-impact publications in the geosciences and works closely with authors to ensure broad visibility of top papers.