Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) Plasma Levels in Patients with Different Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease.

IF 3.9 3区医学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Toxins Pub Date : 2024-12-31 DOI:10.3390/toxins17010015

Marcia Ribeiro, Julie Ann Kemp, Ludmila Cardozo, Drielly Vargas, Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves, Peter Stenvinkel, Denise Mafra

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), trimethylamine n-oxide (TMAO) accumulation exacerbates inflammation and contributes to oxidative stress. These complications are putatively linked to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Despite the known associations, the variation in TMAO plasma levels across different CKD stages and dialysis modalities remains underexplored. This study aimed to quantify TMAO plasma levels in different CKD stages and dialysis treatments.

Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed TMAO plasma levels in non-dialysis CKD patients (ND), patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD), and peritoneal dialysis (PD). TMAO plasma levels were assessed by liquid chromatography coupled to triple mass spectrometry quadrupole.

Results: In total, 15 ND patients [stages 3-5, glomerular filtration rate 41.4 mL/min/1.73 m², 64 (IQR = 12.5) years, BMI 25.2 kg/m², eight women]; 14 PD patients [57.5 (IQR = 8.5) years, BMI of 27.8 kg/m², nine women]; and 34 HD patients [43.5 (IQR = 45.5) years, BMI of 24.4 kg/m², nineteen women] were analyzed. ND patients had lower TMAO levels when compared to the HD (p < 0.0001) and PD patients (p = 0.001). There was no difference in TMAO levels between patients undergoing dialysis (p < 0.59). There was a negative correlation between TMAO and HDL plasma levels [rho = -0.380 (p < 0.004)], calcium [rho = -0.321 (p < 0.016)], and albumin [rho = -0.416 (p < 0.001)]. In addition, a positive correlation between TMAO and urea levels was observed [rho = 0.717 (p < 0.001)].

Conclusions: CKD stages impact TMAO levels since patients on non-dialysis treatment had lower levels than patients on HD and PD.

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来源期刊

Toxins TOXICOLOGY-

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

16.70%

发文量

765

审稿时长

16.24 days

期刊介绍： Toxins (ISSN 2072-6651) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal which provides an advanced forum for studies related to toxins and toxinology. It publishes reviews, regular research papers and short communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.