From Infection to Tumor: Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Ciprofloxacin Derivatives as Anticancer Agents.

IF 4.3 3区医学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL Pharmaceuticals Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI:10.3390/ph18010072

Hesham M Hassan, Roket Hassan, Ranya Mohammed Elmagzoub, Ahmed Al-Emam, Konstantinos Kossenas, Ahmed S Abdel-Samea, Hazim O Khalifa, Suleyman Akocak, Stefan Bräse, Hamada Hashem

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Abstract

Ciprofloxacin, a widely used second-generation fluoroquinolone for treating bacterial infections, has recently shown notable anticancer properties. This review explores progress in developing ciprofloxacin derivatives with anticancer properties, emphasizing key structural changes that improve their therapeutic effectiveness by modifying the basic group at position 7, the carboxylic acid group at position 3, or both. It further investigates the mechanisms by which these derivatives fight cancer, such as inducing apoptosis, arresting the cell cycle, inhibiting topoisomerase I and II, preventing tubulin polymerization, suppressing interleukin 6, blocking thymidine phosphorylase, inhibiting multidrug resistance proteins, and hindering angiogenesis. Additionally, it outlines their future directions, such as enhancing their efficacy, selectivity, and investigating potential synergy with other chemotherapeutic agents, offering a promising avenue for developing new therapies for cancer.

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来源期刊

Pharmaceuticals Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-Pharmaceutical Science

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

4.30%

发文量

1332

审稿时长

6 weeks

期刊介绍： Pharmaceuticals (ISSN 1424-8247) is an international scientific journal of medicinal chemistry and related drug sciences.Our aim is to publish updated reviews as well as research articles with comprehensive theoretical and experimental details. Short communications are also accepted; therefore, there is no restriction on the maximum length of the papers.