The fungal natural product class of the sorbicillinoids: structures, bioactivities, biosynthesis, and synthesis.

Abstract

Covering 1948 up to October 2024Sorbicillinoids are a growing class of natural products (NPs) that stem from a variety of fungi including members of the orders Hypocreales and Eurotiales. This compound class is unique in its combination of structural complexity and pharmaceutically relevant biological activities. The majority of the sorbicillinoids, which are named after the common hexaketide precursor sorbicillin, exhibit anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, phytotoxic, and other selective enzyme inhibitory activities. Over the last eight decades, more than 170 sorbicillinoids, many with strong pharmaceutical potential, have been isolated and described in the literature. This review aims to provide an overview of the structural diversity, biosynthetic pathways, and synthetic studies of this exceptional NP class.