\(\gamma \)/hadron discrimination by analysis of the muon lateral distribution and the ALPAQUITA array

IF 2.7 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS Experimental Astronomy Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI:10.1007/s10686-025-09981-z

M. Anzorena, E. de la Fuente, K. Fujita, R. Garcia, K. Goto, Y. Hayashi, K. Hibino, N. Hotta, G. Imaizumi, A. Jimenez-Meza, Y. Katayose, C. Kato, S. Kato, T. Kawashima, K. Kawata, T. Koi, H. Kojima, T. Makishima, Y. Masuda, S. Matsuhashi, M. Matsumoto, R. Mayta, P. Miranda, A. Mizuno, K. Munakata, Y. Nakamura, M. Nishizawa, Y. Noguchi, S. Ogio, M. Ohnishi, S. Okukawa, A. Oshima, M. Raljevic, H. Rivera, T. Saito, T. Sako, T. K. Sako, T. Shibasaki, S. Shibata, A. Shiomi, M. Subieta, F. Sugimoto, N. Tajima, W. Takano, M. Takita, Y. Tameda, K. Tanaka, R. Ticona, I. Toledano-Juarez, H. Tsuchiya, Y. Tsunesada, S. Udo, R. Usui, G. Yamagishi, K. Yamazaki, Y. Yokoe

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Abstract

A new method using the muon lateral distribution and an underground muon detector to achieve high discrimination power against hadrons is presented. The method is designed to be applied in the Andes Large-area PArticle detector for Cosmic-ray physics and Astronomy (ALPACA) experiment in Bolivia. This new observatory in the Southern hemisphere has the goal of detecting >100 TeV \(\gamma \) rays in search for the origins of Galactic cosmic rays. The method uses the weighted sum of the lateral distribution of the muons detected by underground detectors to separate between air showers initiated by cosmic rays and \(\gamma \) rays. We evaluate the performance of the method through Monte Carlo simulations with CORSIKA and Geant4 and apply the analysis to the prototype of ALPACA, ALPAQUITA. With the application of this method in ALPAQUITA, we achieve an improvement of about 18 % in the energy range from 60 to 100 TeV over the estimated sensitivity using only the total number of muons.

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来源期刊

Experimental Astronomy 地学天文-天文与天体物理

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

3.30%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Many new instruments for observing astronomical objects at a variety of wavelengths have been and are continually being developed. Furthermore, a vast amount of effort is being put into the development of new techniques for data analysis in order to cope with great streams of data collected by these instruments. Experimental Astronomy acts as a medium for the publication of papers of contemporary scientific interest on astrophysical instrumentation and methods necessary for the conduct of astronomy at all wavelength fields. Experimental Astronomy publishes full-length articles, research letters and reviews on developments in detection techniques, instruments, and data analysis and image processing techniques. Occasional special issues are published, giving an in-depth presentation of the instrumentation and/or analysis connected with specific projects, such as satellite experiments or ground-based telescopes, or of specialized techniques.