The road map for sustainable development using solar energy electricity generation in Tanzania

Abstract

Tanzania is keen in sustainable development via broad use of renewable energy. Tanzania has adopted renewable energy sources as an essential element of its development programme, demonstrating its unwavering commitment to combating climate change and guaranteeing a better future. Recognising the critical need to decrease its carbon footprint and achieve energy independence. This dynamic transition toward renewables also not only improved Tanzania's energy security but it has also stimulated long-term economic development by creating jobs and increasing rural electrification rates. A wealth of solar resources and great sunlight annually, create a great climate for solar energy generation. Using these diverse resources, Tanzania may minimise its dependency on fossil fuels, reduce environmental damage and attain energy security. Embracing renewable energy also not only meet current energy demands, but will also support long-term development, benefiting the country and its citizens. The aim of the paper was to identify and review the environmental consequences of solar energy, government regulations, solar energy projects, improving energy access, challenges and future possibilities for solar energy and to examine the road map for fully harnessing solar energy to facilitate sustainable development to meet the United Nation's sustainable development goals. The findings showed that solar energy use has expanded moderately but the benefits are not fully utilised yet. Nevertheless, greater efforts should be made to mitigate some challenges like grid connectivity, fully implementing policies and putting structures, resources and technologies in place to fully harness solar energy for green and eco-friendly electricity production and sustainable development in Tanzania.