Adapting Latin American and Caribbean airports to a changing climate: Impacts, challenges and solutions

Abstract

In the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region climate change effects such as higher temperatures, sea level rise and stronger storms are already threatening critical airport infrastructure and operations, with this exposure increasing as climate change accelerates. Given the social and economic criticality of airports to the region, it is vital that they adapt and build resilience to the resulting impacts. This paper presents the first evaluation of the climate risk assessment and adaptation status of airports in the LAC region. Drawing on a survey of airport professionals from 35 LAC airports and airport groups (representing a total of 54 airports) it finds that although 80% are already experiencing climate change effects, just 14% have carried out a climate change risk assessment to establish what impacts they may face and only 3% (one airport) have developed a climate adaptation plan. This is a significant exposure-adaptation gap which it is essential to address. This urgently requires (i) enhanced awareness raising of climate effects and impacts; (ii) increased provision of data and guidance; and (iii) development and promotion of capacity building mechanisms such as risk assessment tools and training. A crucial role is identified for national governments and sector bodies to continue and augment support for airports in the region to adapt. While this study focuses on the LAC region, the recommendations are likewise applicable for supporting adaptation action by airports in other regions.