Insight into the bacterial communities in the sediment-water interface across different salinities of Pacific White shrimp, Penaeus vannamei, by metabarcoding.

Abstract

Microbes play an important role in the food chain by metabolizing organic matter, cycling nutrients, and maintaining a dynamic equilibrium among organisms in water and sediment. The objective is to study the fluctuating taxonomic microbial diversity profile in the sediment-water interface at different days of culture (DOC) of Penaeus vannamei in varying salinities using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Sediment samples were collected in Tamil Nadu, India, from low-saline, brackish water, and high-saline ponds at 30, 60, and 90 DOC. Bacterial richness and diversity in species were high in low-saline ponds. Beta-diversity variation indicated more differences in bacterial composition in high- and low-saline ponds. The predominant phyla observed were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Cyanobacteria. High-saline ponds accounted for more nitrification bacterial communities, sulfur-reducing bacterial communities, sulfur-oxidizing bacterial communities, and high redox potential, whereas denitrification bacterial communities were high in brackish water ponds.