Case Series of Patients With FGFR1-Related Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma With a Focus on Biochemical, Imaging Signatures and Treatment Options

Abstract

Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (together PPGL) are tumours with a high degree of heritability. Genetic landscape is divided into three clusters, cluster 1 (Krebs/pseudohypoxia signalling pathway), cluster 2 (kinase signalling pathway) and cluster 3 (Wnt signalling pathway). With increasing knowledge in the field of genetics, cluster-specific tumour characteristics, biochemical phenotype and imaging signatures are established in commonly found genes. The association of FGFR1 pathogenic mutations with PPGL have been recently described although its features are not yet well established. Here, we present four patients with PPGL who were found to have somatic FGFR1 pathogenic mutations. We discuss their clinical presentations, biochemical phenotypes, imaging signatures and treatment options that will be relevant for practicing physicians in managing these patients effectively.