Influence of Different Surface Pretreatments of Zirconium Dioxide Reinforced Lithium Disilicate Ceramics on the Shear Bond Strength of Self-Adhesive Resin Cement.

Abstract

Aim To analyze the influence of different surface pretreatments of zirconium dioxide reinforced lithium disilicate ceramics on the shear bond strength of self-adhesive resin cement. Materials and methods Eighty-four zirconium reinforced lithium disilicate disc Vita suprinity (Vita Zahnfabrick, Bad Säckingen, Germany) 14x12x2 mm specimens were fabricated according to the manufacturer's recommendations. The specimens were embedded in acrylic resin blocks and randomly divided in seven groups (n=12/each) accorrding to the treatment: Group 1- 10% hydrofluoric acid; Group 2- silane; Group 3- hydrofluoric and silane; Group 4- sandblasting with silane; Group 5- Er: YAG laser+ silane; Group 6- Nd: YAG laser + silane; and the control group, in which the specimens were not treated. Round shape composite discs (Filtek Bulk fill, 3M ESPE, St.Paul, Minnesota, USA) with 3.5 mm diameter, were made for shear bond strength testing, and then cemented to the ceramic sample surface using composite cement (RelyX U200 Automix, 3M ESPE, Neuss, Germany). After cementing the composite disc on the sample, the samples were subjected to shear bond strength test of 10 N with a “stress rate” of 1 MPa / s. To determine the nature of the fracture (adhesive, cohesive or adhesive-cohesive), the broken samples were examined under a stereomicroscope. The ANOVA test and the Tukey test were used to compare the values of the bond strength characteristics between different types of materials. All tests were performed with a significance level of α = 0.05. Results There was a significant difference in the shear bond strength of self-adhesive cement to dental lithium-disilicate ceramics reinforced with zirconium dioxide after different preparation protocols (p<0, 05). The treatment of lithium disilicate ceramics reinforced with zirconium dioxide by silanization, sandblasting + silanization, Nd: YAG + silanization resulted in significantly higher bond strength compared to the control group. There was statistically higher bond strength of self-adhesive cement after pretreatment of lithium disilicate ceramics Nd: YAG + silanization compared to Er: YAG + silanization (p <0.05). Adhesive fracture dominated in the control group, sandblasting + silanization group, and in the laser groups, while mixed fracture dominated in other groups. Conclusion Under the limitations of this study, the Nd:YAG irradiation with silanization could be used as pretreatment for providing greater shear bond strength of self-adhesive resin cement to zirconium reinforced lithium disilicate.