Long-term Evaluation of Bonding Performance of Universal Adhesives based on Different Dentinal Moisture Levels.

IF 4.7 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS ACS Applied Bio Materials Pub Date : 2022-11-08 DOI:10.3290/j.jad.b3559027

Rammon de Faria Nonato, Pedro Henrique de Aguiar Moreira, Daniella de Oliveira da Silva, Michel Wendlinger Cantanhe de Ferreira, Alessandra Reis, Andres Felipe Millan Cardenas, Alessandro D Loguercio, Fabiana Suelen Figuerêdo de Siqueira

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Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and silver nitrate uptake (SNU) of three universal adhesives used in etch-and-rinse (ER) and self-etch (SE) modes on dry, wet, and oversaturated dentin surfaces after 24 h and 1 year of water storage. The morphology of the hybrid layer (MHL) and the degree of conversion (DC) were also evaluated.

Materials and methods: Human molars were divided into 36 groups according to combinations of the following variables: (i) universal adhesives (Ambar Universal APS [AMB], Prime&Bond Active [PBA], Scotchbond Universal Adhesive [SBU]), (ii) adhesive strategies (ER or SE), (iii) moisture level (dry, wet, or oversaturated dentin surface), and (iv) storage time (24 h or 1 year). After restoration, the specimens were sectioned into resin-dentin sticks and tested for μTBS and SNU according to storage time. For MHL, the specimens were sectioned and evaluated after 24 h using SEM. DC was evaluated using FTIR. ANOVA and Tukey's test were used for statistical analyses (5%).

Results: When 24-h vs 1-year data were compared, there was a significant decrease in μTBS and an increase in SNU values for the majority of experimental groups (p < 0.0001). On dry (ER) and oversaturated (ER and SE) dentin, AMB showed higher μTBS than did PBA (p < 0.00001). No significant decrease in μTBS was observed when universal adhesives were applied in the SE mode to dry dentin (p > 0.05). Regarding SNU, at all moisture levels, AMB showed lower SNU values than SBU (p < 0.001). Regarding MHL, SBU showed several imperfections when applied to oversaturated dentin in comparison with AMB and PBA. Regarding DC, when dentin was kept dry or was oversaturated, AMB showed a higher DC than PBA (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion: The behavior of the different universal adhesives evaluated did not vary when applied to wet or dry dentin. However, the results with oversaturated dentin were dependent on the universal adhesive. Independent of the moisture level and the universal adhesive evaluated, significant degradation of the bonding properties occurred after 1 year of water storage, with the exception of universal adhesives applied to dry dentin in the SE strategy.

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基于不同牙本质湿度的通用粘合剂粘合性能的长期评估

目的：评估三种通用粘合剂在干牙本质、湿牙本质和过饱和牙本质表面上以蚀刻-冲洗（ER）和自酸洗（SE）模式使用时的微拉伸粘接强度（μTBS）和硝酸银吸收率（SNU）。材料和方法：根据以下变量的组合将人类磨牙分为 36 组：(i) 通用粘合剂（Ambar Universal APS [AMB]、Prime&Bond Active [PBA]、Scotchbond 通用粘合剂 [SBU]）；(ii) 粘合剂策略（ER 或 SE）；(iii) 湿度（牙本质表面干燥、潮湿或过饱和）；(iv) 储存时间（24 小时或 1 年）。修复后，将试样切成树脂-牙本质条，并根据储存时间检测μTBS和SNU。对于 MHL，在 24 小时后使用扫描电子显微镜对试样进行切片和评估。使用傅立叶变换红外光谱对 DC 进行评估。统计分析采用方差分析和 Tukey 检验（5%）：比较 24 小时与 1 年的数据，大多数实验组的 μTBS 值显著下降，SNU 值显著上升（p < 0.0001）。在干燥（ER）和过饱和（ER 和 SE）牙本质上，AMB 比 PBA 显示出更高的μTBS（p < 0.00001）。在干燥牙本质上以 SE 模式使用通用粘合剂时，未观察到 μTBS 有明显下降（p > 0.05）。关于 SNU，在所有湿度水平下，AMB 的 SNU 值均低于 SBU（p < 0.001）。在 MHL 方面，与 AMB 和 PBA 相比，SBU 在用于过饱和牙本质时显示出一些缺陷。关于直流电，当牙本质保持干燥或过饱和时，AMB 的直流电高于 PBA（p < 0.0001）：结论：在牙本质干燥或潮湿的情况下，不同通用粘合剂的性能没有差异。然而，过饱和牙本质的结果取决于通用粘合剂。与湿度水平和所评估的通用粘合剂无关，在贮水 1 年后，粘合性能会显著下降，但在 SE 策略中用于干燥牙本质的通用粘合剂除外。

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来源期刊

ACS Applied Bio Materials Chemistry-Chemistry (all)

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

2.10%

发文量

464

期刊介绍： ACS Applied Bio Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of biomaterials and biointerfaces including and beyond the traditional biosensing, biomedical and therapeutic applications. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrates knowledge in the areas of materials, engineering, physics, bioscience, and chemistry into important bio applications. The journal is specifically interested in work that addresses the relationship between structure and function and assesses the stability and degradation of materials under relevant environmental and biological conditions.