{"title":"Gender Role Violations and Voter Prejudice: The Agentic Penalty Faced by Women Politicians","authors":"Monica C. Schneider, Angela L. Bos, M. DiFilippo","doi":"10.1080/1554477X.2021.1981095","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Role Congruity Theory (RCT) broadly suggests that when women step into leadership roles, they violate the expectations of their role as women. This article uses RCT to develop and directly test theories related to which types of gender stereotype role violations might cause voter bias toward women politicians. We argue and find that voter prejudice most likely results from an agentic incongruity–punishing a woman candidate who violates her gender role by displaying agentic, dominant traits such as being intimidating or arrogant. Backlash for this type of role violation is strong when the election context favors male stereotypical strengths.","PeriodicalId":46116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Women Politics & Policy","volume":"43 1","pages":"117 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6000,"publicationDate":"2021-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"4","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Women Politics & Policy","FirstCategoryId":"90","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1554477X.2021.1981095","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"POLITICAL SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Abstract
ABSTRACT Role Congruity Theory (RCT) broadly suggests that when women step into leadership roles, they violate the expectations of their role as women. This article uses RCT to develop and directly test theories related to which types of gender stereotype role violations might cause voter bias toward women politicians. We argue and find that voter prejudice most likely results from an agentic incongruity–punishing a woman candidate who violates her gender role by displaying agentic, dominant traits such as being intimidating or arrogant. Backlash for this type of role violation is strong when the election context favors male stereotypical strengths.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Women, Politics & Policy explores women and their roles in the political process as well as key policy issues that impact women''s lives. Articles cover a range of tops about political processes from voters to leaders in interest groups and political parties, and office holders in the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government (including the increasingly relevant international bodies such as the European Union and World Trade Organization). They also examine the impact of public policies on women''s lives in areas such as tax and budget issues, poverty reduction and income security, education and employment, care giving, and health and human rights — including violence, safety, and reproductive rights — among many others. This multidisciplinary, international journal presents the work of social scientists — including political scientists, sociologists, economists, and public policy specialists — who study the world through a gendered lens and uncover how gender functions in the political and policy arenas. Throughout, the journal places a special emphasis on the intersection of gender, race/ethnicity, class, and other dimensions of women''s experiences.
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