“Pregnancy and Thyroid Disease”: early detection and optimized management

Abstract

Pregnancy has a profound impact on the thyroid economy and function, and may result in hypothyroidism in women with limited thyroid reserves or iodine deficiency. Well established overt hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism have deleterious effects on pregnancy. In addition, maternal subclinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism have the potential to impact maternal and fetal health. The association between miscarriage and preterm delivery in euthyroid TPOAb positive women has also been documented. Therefore, early detection and proper management of thyroid alterations before and during pregnancy could help to prevent unwanted adverse effects of thyroid dysfunction on pregnant women and their fetuses.