Can a fast thinker be a good thinker? The neural correlates of base-rate neglect measured using a two-response paradigm

IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY Cognitive Neuropsychology Pub Date : 2021-08-18 DOI:10.1080/02643294.2022.2041589
O. Vartanian, Timothy K. Lam, Elaine Maceda, Wim De Neys
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Abstract

ABSTRACT Traditionally, it has been assumed that logical thinking requires deliberation. However, people can also make logical responses quickly, exhibiting logical intuitions. We examined the neural correlates of logical intuitions by administering base rate problems during fMRI scanning using a two-response paradigm where participants first responded quickly and then reflectively to problems that did or did not pit a normative response against an intuitively-cued stereotypical response (i.e., conflict vs. non-conflict problems). As predicted, participants were less likely to make judgments in accordance with base rates on conflict problems. Critically, in only 4% of cases did longer deliberation change an initially biased response to a normatively correct response. The fMRI data revealed that intuitively-made initial biased judgments nevertheless activate regions typically involved in cognitive control, executive functions and attention, including anterior, inferior, middle and superior frontal cortex, suggesting that even when errors are made, there might be very early awareness of conflict.
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思维敏捷的人能成为好的思考者吗?使用双反应范式测量基础率忽略的神经关联
摘要传统上,人们认为逻辑思维需要深思熟虑。然而,人们也可以快速做出合乎逻辑的反应,表现出合乎逻辑的直觉。我们通过在功能磁共振成像扫描过程中使用两反应范式处理基本速率问题来检验逻辑直觉的神经相关性,在两反应范式中,参与者首先快速反应,然后反思是否将规范反应与直观提示的刻板反应(即冲突与非冲突问题)对立起来的问题。正如预测的那样,参与者不太可能根据冲突问题的基本比率做出判断。至关重要的是,只有4%的案例经过较长时间的审议,将最初有偏见的反应转变为规范正确的反应。fMRI数据显示,尽管直觉上做出了最初的有偏见的判断,但它激活了通常涉及认知控制、执行功能和注意力的区域,包括前、下、中和上额叶皮层,这表明即使出现错误,也可能很早就意识到冲突。
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来源期刊
Cognitive Neuropsychology
Cognitive Neuropsychology 医学-心理学
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
11.80%
发文量
23
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Cognitive Neuropsychology is of interest to cognitive scientists and neuroscientists, neuropsychologists, neurologists, psycholinguists, speech pathologists, physiotherapists, and psychiatrists.
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