Bionanocomposite scaffolds based on MnS-nanorods loaded acacia-Senegal-gum hydrogels: Fabrication, characterization and biological evaluation

Abstract

This study demonstrates a biocompatible nanofabrication based on novel Acacia senegal gum-manganese sulphide hydrogels (p(ASG)-MnS) to achieve enhanced biological venture. Here, p(ASG-MnS) were prepared in the presence of divinyl sulfone (DS) cross-linker, and then loaded with Manganese sulphide (MnS) nano-rods via in situ reduction method.

Various techniques for example, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was carried out to comprehensively characterize p(ASG)-MnS. The FTIR peak at position 1025 cm⁻¹ clarifies the attachment of DS with the carboxylic group of ASG for successful crosslinking, whereas, the frequencies in 2900–3400 cm⁻¹ range are due Mn-(OH)₂ formation upon nanofabrication. The morphologically spherical p(ASG) particles with size distribution in 5–60 μm range were further loaded with MnS nanorods with size in 5–20 nm range as indicated from SEM and TEM, respectively.

Biomedical investigation of pristine and p(ASG)-MnS was carried out by evaluating their biocompatibility, antioxidant and antidiabetic activities.

In brief, the pristine, as well as, nanocomposites of the prepared scaffolds demonstrated remarkable biocompatibility with 0.758% and 2.386% hemolysis against p(ASG), and p(ASG)-MnS, respectively over the 400 μg/mL incorporated dose.

In addition, p(ASG)-MnS demonstrated notable antioxidant response obtained via multiple assays. The nanocomposite scaffold exhibit 66.91 ± 0.22 (%), and 98.40 ± 0.58 (%) DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities, whereas, pristine scaffold demonstrated 7.5 ± 0.58 (%) FRSA, and 4.40 ± 0.28 TEAC activity. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total reducing power (TRP) represented by the nanocomposite scaffold was 184.32 ± 2.3 μg AAE/mg, and 179.83 ± 0.1.2 μg AAE/mg, respectively to exhibit remarkable antioxidant response.

Additionally, the nanocomposite scaffolds exhibited considerable α-amylase inhibition with 16.7 ± 1.4 (%) that is greater than pristine scaffolds with 4.18 ± 0.98 (%) inhibition.