Fearlessness and human justice: Exploring Guru Tegh Bahadur’s teachings and sacrifice from a fresh perspective

IF 0.2 0 ASIAN STUDIES Sikh Formations-Religion Culture Theory Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI:10.1080/17448727.2021.1984058

Pashaura Singh

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

ABSTRACT This article explores the state of fearlessness and human justice through an examination of five celebrated couplets from Guru Tegh Bahadur’s bāṇī (‘inspired utterances’) by placing them in their immediate historical context, followed by an understanding of their wider significance from a global perspective. The main arguments of this essay revolve around the critical situation in Mughal India leading to the ninth Guru’s execution at Chandni Chowk in Delhi on 11 November 1675, by the orders of Emperor Aurangzeb. Rectifying skewed perspectives offered by modern historians in which the death of the ninth Guru is simply an accident of history and therefore of no consequence to wider humanity, this essay offers a critical review of historical readings of events that forced Guru Tegh Bahadur to intervene in the flow of history on behalf of downtrodden and minority voices. To bring the people out of their vulnerability he inspired them with a bold message of resistance against the tyrannical regime by cultivating the spirit of fearlessness and carefree optimism.

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无畏与人类正义:从全新的视角探索古鲁·泰格·巴哈杜尔的教导与牺牲

本文通过对古鲁·泰格·巴哈杜尔(Guru Tegh Bahadur)的bāṇī(“灵感话语”)中的五首著名对联的考察，探讨了无畏和人类正义的状态，将它们置于直接的历史背景中，然后从全球角度理解它们更广泛的意义。本文的主要论点围绕着印度莫卧儿王朝的危急局势，导致1675年11月11日，奥朗则布皇帝下令在德里的Chandni Chowk处决第九位古鲁。现代历史学家认为，第九位古鲁之死仅仅是历史上的一个偶然事件，因此对更广泛的人类没有任何影响，本文纠正了这些观点，对迫使古鲁·泰格·巴哈杜尔代表被压迫者和少数人的声音介入历史进程的事件进行了批判性的回顾。为了使人民摆脱脆弱，他通过培养无畏和无忧无虑的乐观精神，大胆地向他们传达了抵制专制政权的信息。

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Sikh Formations-Religion Culture Theory ASIAN STUDIES-

CiteScore

0.80

自引率

25.00%

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