TOTAL PHENOLS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF COMMERCIAL AND WILD MUSHROOMS FROM CHIHUAHUA, MEXICO FENOLES TOTALESY CAPACIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE DE HONGOS COMERCIALESY SILVESTRES DE CHIHUAHUA, MÉXICO

Abstract

Abstract Three wild edible mushrooms (Agaricus sp., Boletus sp., and Macrolepiota sp.) from the North of Mexico (Chihuahua state) and two commercial species (Agaricus bisporus white strain and Portabella: Agaricus bisporus brown strain) were analyzed to determine their proximate composition, total phenols and antioxidant activity. Wild mushrooms presented lower humidity values with respect to commercial species. Other proximate parameters such as total protein, lipids, ashes and carbohydrates were similar to those reported for edible mushrooms. Total phenols and antioxidant activity (Ferric Reducing/Antioxidant Power assay, FRAP) were determined from 80% methanol extracts. Wild Mushrooms had higher phenol content and antioxidant capacity than commercial mushrooms. A direct correlation between phenols and antioxidant activity (r2 = 0.986) was observed. Due to these characteristics, wild mushrooms could be considered as a complement in the diet for the health benefits they present. Resumen Se analizó la composición proximal, fenoles totales y capacidad antioxidante, de tres hongos silvestres (Agaricus sp., Boletus sp., and Macrolepiota sp.) del norte de México (Chihuahua) y dos comerciales (Agaricus bisporus cepa blanca and Portalella: Agaricus bisporus cepa café). Los hongos silvestres presentaron valores menores de humedad que los comerciales. Los demás parámetros proximales (proteínas, lípidos, cenizas y carbohidratos totales) fueron similares a los reportados para hongos silvestres. La concentración de fenoles totales y actividad antioxidante (Ferric Reducing/Antioxidant Power assay, FRAP) se determinaron a partir de extractos con metanol al 80%. Los hongos silvestres presentaron valores más altos en fenoles totales y actividad antioxidante, frente a los hongos comerciales. Se observó una correlación directa (r2 = 0,986) entre fenoles totales y actividad antioxidante. Estas características de los hogos silvestres hacen que puedan ser considerados, como complemento de la dieta ya que puede presentar buenos beneficios en la salud. Palabras clave: Hongos comestibles, análisis proximal, polifenoles, actividad antioxidante, FRAP