Evaluación del potencial del desarrollo en ciencia y tecnología en México 2000-2015

Abstract

The present article allows to recognize the potential of development of Science and Technology (S&T) in Mexico between 2000 and 2015. The schematization of a Development Potential Index in Science and Technology considers: 1) educational systems in the formation of human resources, 2) the realization of an internal system of scientific and technological production, 3) a level of investment in scientific and technological development, 4) the dimension and dynamism in the scientific and technological production and 5) the degree of capitalization of production factors in income and economic growth; as determinants to analyze the advances and setbacks in science and technology. From the Index, there is a disarticulation between human resources and capitalization, which at national level leads to large inequalities, reducing the potential for development. In addition, six constraints are considered to the potential progress in S & T: 1) imbalances in spatial distribution, 2) disarticulation of the stages in the educational formation, 3) special, scarce and unbalanced human resources, 4) low and disjointed production of national networks, 5) low investment and inefficient public spending, and 6) low capitalization and technological dependence. These limits generate concentration and inequality in the potential of S&T development, having a negative impact on the national economy, and positions at an internationally low level.