SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Viruses, which are incredibly tiny particles, are what give humans pandemic and epidemic diseases. Many viral infections have impacted human health throughout history, and epidemic and pandemic diseases have claimed many lives. Many viral infections, such as SARS, the Middle East respiratory syndrome corona virus, Ebola, H1N1, and the current COVID-19, have affected people in this decade. Positive sense single-stranded RNA is present in SARS CoV2. The virus's structure is reminiscent of the Corona virus found in bats. SARS-CoV-2, which has its genesis in Wuhan, China's primary transportation hub, is the cause of COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 spread globally from China. In 213 countries, 1.5 crore people have been diagnosed with COVID-19, and 6.3 lakh of them have died. The primary symptoms include headache, dry cough, myalgia, difficulty breathing, and fever. Serological testing, RT-PCR, and CT-Scan imaging are used to diagnose this condition. Like SARS virus, SARS-CoV-2 virus binds to ACE2 receptors. The same medications used to treat SARS are also utilized to treat COVID-19 patients. Drugs like Remdesivir, Ritonavir-lopinavir, and Umifenovir work well to lower viral loads in patients. The vaccine is being prepared in numerous nations. The COVID-19 disease vaccines are being made by Oxford University (AZD1222), the USA (MRNA-1273), India (COVAXIN), and China (INO-4800). Since the vaccinations are still in the clinical trial stage, we are still waiting for an effective vaccine.