Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.1515/isspar-2015-0031
P. Mikula, R. Lučan
Abstract We report a case of unusual mixed nesting association of several pairs of Spanish Sparrows Passer hispaniolensis and one pair of Lesser Grey Shrikes Lanius minor near Pepelište village (41° 31′ 11″ N, 22° 7′ 41.43″ E), central Macedonia. All nests were built near the trunk of a Black Locust Robinia pseudoacacia at a height of ca. 8 m. Although the nests of both species were in close proximity, we observed no interspecific aggression. Such a mixed colony could be advantageous for both species in a locality with abundant nest predators.
{"title":"Observation of an Unusual Nesting Association between Spanish Sparrows Passer hispaniolensis and Lesser Grey Shrikes Lanius minor","authors":"P. Mikula, R. Lučan","doi":"10.1515/isspar-2015-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/isspar-2015-0031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We report a case of unusual mixed nesting association of several pairs of Spanish Sparrows Passer hispaniolensis and one pair of Lesser Grey Shrikes Lanius minor near Pepelište village (41° 31′ 11″ N, 22° 7′ 41.43″ E), central Macedonia. All nests were built near the trunk of a Black Locust Robinia pseudoacacia at a height of ca. 8 m. Although the nests of both species were in close proximity, we observed no interspecific aggression. Such a mixed colony could be advantageous for both species in a locality with abundant nest predators.","PeriodicalId":126939,"journal":{"name":"International Studies on Sparrows","volume":"2014 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128015939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.1515/isspar-2015-0030
P. Kamiński, L. Jerzak, Joerg Boehner
Abstract A Jackdaw colony of over 200 nests, built in cavities of old willow trees along 3 km of a small road running through meadows next to the river Narew in an agricultural landscape (15 km southwest of Białystok, NE Poland), was studied to determine nest locations and construction, onset of egg laying, incubation period, egg parameters, clutch size and hatching success, nestling growth and mortality, breeding success as well as predation. The onset of laying and clutch size were correlated with ambient temperature and precipitation (p < 0.001). Hatching success was also determined by these environmental factors as well as by the degree of predation (p < 0,001). There was a statistically significant correlation between clutch size and hatching success (p < 0.001) as well as fledging success (p < 0.001). Nestlings hatching first or second grew faster, reached a higher body weight, and had a lower mortality rate than those hatching last or second to last. There was also a statistically significant correlation between nestling survival and clutch size as well as ambient temperature (p < 0.001 each). Nestling mortality caused by predators, i. e. mainly by martens Martes foina and domestic cats Felis domestica, was high in periods of intensive burning of the meadows surrounding the Jackdaw colony. However, mortality rate of the youngest nestlings was almost 100% lower in periods of high predation compared to times of low predatory activity. Several groups of insects constituted a high amount of nestling food, e. g. 60% of all Orthoptera occurring in the meadows next to the breeding colony. In that area the total dry body mass of phytophagous invertebrates amounted to 1.4-2.0 g per m2, of which 0.3 g were fed to the nestlings. The percentage of zoophagous invertebrates delivered to the offspring was high with about 30-35%. From an economical point of view, Jackdaws during the breeding season are advantageous in an agricultural landscape because they reduce pest insects significantly while consuming only an insignificant amount of all seeds applied.
{"title":"Nestling Development of Jackdaws Corvus monedula in Agricultural Landscape","authors":"P. Kamiński, L. Jerzak, Joerg Boehner","doi":"10.1515/isspar-2015-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/isspar-2015-0030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A Jackdaw colony of over 200 nests, built in cavities of old willow trees along 3 km of a small road running through meadows next to the river Narew in an agricultural landscape (15 km southwest of Białystok, NE Poland), was studied to determine nest locations and construction, onset of egg laying, incubation period, egg parameters, clutch size and hatching success, nestling growth and mortality, breeding success as well as predation. The onset of laying and clutch size were correlated with ambient temperature and precipitation (p < 0.001). Hatching success was also determined by these environmental factors as well as by the degree of predation (p < 0,001). There was a statistically significant correlation between clutch size and hatching success (p < 0.001) as well as fledging success (p < 0.001). Nestlings hatching first or second grew faster, reached a higher body weight, and had a lower mortality rate than those hatching last or second to last. There was also a statistically significant correlation between nestling survival and clutch size as well as ambient temperature (p < 0.001 each). Nestling mortality caused by predators, i. e. mainly by martens Martes foina and domestic cats Felis domestica, was high in periods of intensive burning of the meadows surrounding the Jackdaw colony. However, mortality rate of the youngest nestlings was almost 100% lower in periods of high predation compared to times of low predatory activity. Several groups of insects constituted a high amount of nestling food, e. g. 60% of all Orthoptera occurring in the meadows next to the breeding colony. In that area the total dry body mass of phytophagous invertebrates amounted to 1.4-2.0 g per m2, of which 0.3 g were fed to the nestlings. The percentage of zoophagous invertebrates delivered to the offspring was high with about 30-35%. From an economical point of view, Jackdaws during the breeding season are advantageous in an agricultural landscape because they reduce pest insects significantly while consuming only an insignificant amount of all seeds applied.","PeriodicalId":126939,"journal":{"name":"International Studies on Sparrows","volume":"7 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120999785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.1515/isspar-2015-0033
H. Baker
This is a most unusual book . The initial text in in Japanese, followed by a rather shorter English version, with 26 pages full of small colour illustrations and finally many pages of notes, the majority in Japanese but with some English translations . This review is based solely on the English text as I have no knowledge of Japanese . The book is written in an informal, conversational style which is perhaps a little unusual in a hard-back book and the author takes a very personal approach to the subject . His English is a little idiosyncratic but the meaning is usually apparent and I found it quite easy to read .
{"title":"The History of the Tree Sparrow in Japan by Fumio Taguchi","authors":"H. Baker","doi":"10.1515/isspar-2015-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/isspar-2015-0033","url":null,"abstract":"This is a most unusual book . The initial text in in Japanese, followed by a rather shorter English version, with 26 pages full of small colour illustrations and finally many pages of notes, the majority in Japanese but with some English translations . This review is based solely on the English text as I have no knowledge of Japanese . The book is written in an informal, conversational style which is perhaps a little unusual in a hard-back book and the author takes a very personal approach to the subject . His English is a little idiosyncratic but the meaning is usually apparent and I found it quite easy to read .","PeriodicalId":126939,"journal":{"name":"International Studies on Sparrows","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126288651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1515/isspar-2015-0026
Z. Kwieciński, Paulina Pawlak, K. Przybylska
Abstract In 2011 and 2012, an unusual and so far not described foraging behaviour of two finch species was observed in the Barycz valley, W-Poland. Several times Greenfinches Carduelis chlorisbroke off fresh shoots of Scots pine (Pinus silvestris) and then licked up the leaking sap. Afterwards, Goldfinches Carduelis carduelis also licked up the sap from the same spot. We hypothesize that both species take advantage of the antiseptic nature of Pinaceae sap.
{"title":"Licking Of Pine Sap By Greenfinches Carduelis Chloris And Goldfinches Carduelis Carduelis","authors":"Z. Kwieciński, Paulina Pawlak, K. Przybylska","doi":"10.1515/isspar-2015-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/isspar-2015-0026","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In 2011 and 2012, an unusual and so far not described foraging behaviour of two finch species was observed in the Barycz valley, W-Poland. Several times Greenfinches Carduelis chlorisbroke off fresh shoots of Scots pine (Pinus silvestris) and then licked up the leaking sap. Afterwards, Goldfinches Carduelis carduelis also licked up the sap from the same spot. We hypothesize that both species take advantage of the antiseptic nature of Pinaceae sap.","PeriodicalId":126939,"journal":{"name":"International Studies on Sparrows","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129933868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1515/isspar-2015-0024
J. Mužinić, D. Purger, J. Purger
Abstract The breeding range of the Spanish sparrow, Passer hispaniolensis, in Croatia is rapidly expanding. We studied the size of the nesting population and selection of nest site in an area partially included in the Krka National Park. Our results confirm that between 2004 and 2007 in the wider area of the Krka National Park the Spanish sparrow had occupied new localities, and that the number of 160 pairs recorded in 2003 had more than doubled (300–350) by 2007. In the study area, Spanish sparrows nest most commonly in the canopies of introduced planted trees (e.g. Morus alba, Platanus occidentalis, Populus nigra cv. italica). This strategy, with a good access to and diversity of potential nesting sites, enables a further expansion of the species.
{"title":"Population Size And Nest Site Selection Of The Spanish Sparrow Passer Hispaniolensis In The Region Of The River Krka (Croatia)","authors":"J. Mužinić, D. Purger, J. Purger","doi":"10.1515/isspar-2015-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/isspar-2015-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The breeding range of the Spanish sparrow, Passer hispaniolensis, in Croatia is rapidly expanding. We studied the size of the nesting population and selection of nest site in an area partially included in the Krka National Park. Our results confirm that between 2004 and 2007 in the wider area of the Krka National Park the Spanish sparrow had occupied new localities, and that the number of 160 pairs recorded in 2003 had more than doubled (300–350) by 2007. In the study area, Spanish sparrows nest most commonly in the canopies of introduced planted trees (e.g. Morus alba, Platanus occidentalis, Populus nigra cv. italica). This strategy, with a good access to and diversity of potential nesting sites, enables a further expansion of the species.","PeriodicalId":126939,"journal":{"name":"International Studies on Sparrows","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124881856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-01DOI: 10.1515/isspar-2015-0021
Piotr Zduniak, P. Czechowski
Abstract In 2013, a clutch of the Carrion Crow Corvus corone was recorded in the Warta Mouth National Park, western Poland. In April and the first half of May a female incubating two and later four eggs was observed. In mid-May the nest was found empty, indicating that the failure occurred during incubation or the early nestling stage. No male was observed until that time. However, two Carrion Crows were recorded near the nest after the breeding failure, which indicates that it was indeed a breeding attempt made by a homogamic (“pure”) Carrion Crow’s pair. This is the first case described for the Lubuskie Province and the second for Poland in the last 200 years.
{"title":"Carrion Crow Corvus Corone Breeding In Lubuskie Province, W Poland","authors":"Piotr Zduniak, P. Czechowski","doi":"10.1515/isspar-2015-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/isspar-2015-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In 2013, a clutch of the Carrion Crow Corvus corone was recorded in the Warta Mouth National Park, western Poland. In April and the first half of May a female incubating two and later four eggs was observed. In mid-May the nest was found empty, indicating that the failure occurred during incubation or the early nestling stage. No male was observed until that time. However, two Carrion Crows were recorded near the nest after the breeding failure, which indicates that it was indeed a breeding attempt made by a homogamic (“pure”) Carrion Crow’s pair. This is the first case described for the Lubuskie Province and the second for Poland in the last 200 years.","PeriodicalId":126939,"journal":{"name":"International Studies on Sparrows","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132465719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-01DOI: 10.1515/isspar-2015-0019
I. Stewart, Daniel P Wetzel, D. Westneat
Abstract Male birds often possess conspicuous or colourful plumage traits which are thought to function either in mate choice or as status signals which indicate their competitive ability. Many studies have confirmed that the size or expression of these traits is positively correlated with their success at attracting mates, their social dominance, or their fitness. However, relatively few studies have examined plumage variation in females, likely because it is much less pronounced than in males. We examined whether female plumage is associated with fitness measures in the house sparrow (Passer domesticus). Male house sparrows have a conspicuous throat patch of black feathers that has been correlated with social dominance and fitness, and females also possess a variably-coloured throat patch, although the variation is much more subtle than in males. However, neither the timing of breeding nor reproductive performance was associated with throat patch colouration of female sparrows in any of three continuous study years, nor was it related to female age. The size of the other obvious female plumage trait, the wing bar, also did not predict fitness. We conclude that female plumage variation is not under sexual selection in the house sparrow.
{"title":"Fitness Measures In Female House Sparrows: No Correlation With The Expression Of Two Plumage Ornaments","authors":"I. Stewart, Daniel P Wetzel, D. Westneat","doi":"10.1515/isspar-2015-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/isspar-2015-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Male birds often possess conspicuous or colourful plumage traits which are thought to function either in mate choice or as status signals which indicate their competitive ability. Many studies have confirmed that the size or expression of these traits is positively correlated with their success at attracting mates, their social dominance, or their fitness. However, relatively few studies have examined plumage variation in females, likely because it is much less pronounced than in males. We examined whether female plumage is associated with fitness measures in the house sparrow (Passer domesticus). Male house sparrows have a conspicuous throat patch of black feathers that has been correlated with social dominance and fitness, and females also possess a variably-coloured throat patch, although the variation is much more subtle than in males. However, neither the timing of breeding nor reproductive performance was associated with throat patch colouration of female sparrows in any of three continuous study years, nor was it related to female age. The size of the other obvious female plumage trait, the wing bar, also did not predict fitness. We conclude that female plumage variation is not under sexual selection in the house sparrow.","PeriodicalId":126939,"journal":{"name":"International Studies on Sparrows","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130516054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-01DOI: 10.1515/isspar-2015-0022
G. Kopij
Abstract In Maloti/Drakensberg region, southern Africa, Cape Sparrow locates nests (N=108) mainly in trees (38.9%), shrubs (27.8%) and man-made structures (29.6%). Most occupied trees were exotic (31.6%), while all (27.8%) occupied shrubs were indigenous. A few nests (3.8%) were found in disused weavers’ nests. Nesting sites ranged in height from 1.5 m to 10 m above the ground; on average – 4.2 m (N=52).
在非洲南部Maloti/Drakensberg地区，角雀的巢(N=108)主要分布在树木(38.9%)、灌木(27.8%)和人工结构(29.6%)中。外来乔木占比最高(31.6%)，原生灌木占比最高(27.8%)。在废弃的织巢中发现了少数巢(3.8%)。筑巢地点的高度从离地1.5米到10米不等;平均- 4.2 m (N=52)。
{"title":"Nesting Sites Of The Cape Sparrow Passer Melanurus In Maloti/Drakensber, Southern Africa","authors":"G. Kopij","doi":"10.1515/isspar-2015-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/isspar-2015-0022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In Maloti/Drakensberg region, southern Africa, Cape Sparrow locates nests (N=108) mainly in trees (38.9%), shrubs (27.8%) and man-made structures (29.6%). Most occupied trees were exotic (31.6%), while all (27.8%) occupied shrubs were indigenous. A few nests (3.8%) were found in disused weavers’ nests. Nesting sites ranged in height from 1.5 m to 10 m above the ground; on average – 4.2 m (N=52).","PeriodicalId":126939,"journal":{"name":"International Studies on Sparrows","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115372303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-01DOI: 10.1515/isspar-2015-0020
P. A. Marques
Abstract Temperature plays a central role in the life of birds, especially during egg incubation and nestling thermal brooding. I investigated nest temperature variation relative to ambient temperature during incubation in an enclosed nest-builder species (Spanish sparrow Passer hispaniolensis) and an open-cup nest-builder species (Iberian azure-winged magpie Cyanopica cooki). The data for empty enclosed nests showed that the nest structure acted as a temperature buffer which reduced the impact of night-time temperature variation within the nest. The buffer effect was reduced as ambient temperature increased at dawn. The presence of an adult increased the difference between nest temperature and ambient temperature, and dissociated its variation from the ambient temperature variation. The enclosed nest also retained the body heat released by an adult in the nest. Both effects had a positive effect on the temperature balance in the nest. By contrast, open-cup nest temperature was more affected by the ambient temperature, although it did not affect the egg temperature directly. Thus the absence of an incubating parent would endanger the hatchability in open-cup nests more rapidly than in enclosed nests. The life histories of the investigated species correspond to these findings, i.e. a more pronounced presence of the female in the Iberian azure-winged magpie nests.
{"title":"Ambient Temperature And Nest Temperature Variation In Enclosed Nests (Spanish Sparrow) And Open-Cup Nests (Iberian Azure-Winged Magpie)","authors":"P. A. Marques","doi":"10.1515/isspar-2015-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/isspar-2015-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Temperature plays a central role in the life of birds, especially during egg incubation and nestling thermal brooding. I investigated nest temperature variation relative to ambient temperature during incubation in an enclosed nest-builder species (Spanish sparrow Passer hispaniolensis) and an open-cup nest-builder species (Iberian azure-winged magpie Cyanopica cooki). The data for empty enclosed nests showed that the nest structure acted as a temperature buffer which reduced the impact of night-time temperature variation within the nest. The buffer effect was reduced as ambient temperature increased at dawn. The presence of an adult increased the difference between nest temperature and ambient temperature, and dissociated its variation from the ambient temperature variation. The enclosed nest also retained the body heat released by an adult in the nest. Both effects had a positive effect on the temperature balance in the nest. By contrast, open-cup nest temperature was more affected by the ambient temperature, although it did not affect the egg temperature directly. Thus the absence of an incubating parent would endanger the hatchability in open-cup nests more rapidly than in enclosed nests. The life histories of the investigated species correspond to these findings, i.e. a more pronounced presence of the female in the Iberian azure-winged magpie nests.","PeriodicalId":126939,"journal":{"name":"International Studies on Sparrows","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115131922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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