J. Silva Garcia, R. O. Simões, E. Mota, Incerlande Soares dos Santos, A. Maldonado Júnior
The trematode Echinostoma paraensei is an intestinal parasite transmitted by ingestion of the infectious stage of metacercariae. For scientific purposes, its life cycle has been maintained in the laboratory, allowing analysis using various biological approaches. Different parasite isolates have revealed atypical patterns of migration and establishment in ectopic sites in Swiss-Webster mice. During the investigation of the biological life cycle of an E. paraensei isolate from the silvatic rodent Nectomys squamipes collected in the municipality of Rio Bonito (State of Rio de Janeiro), a bacterial coinfection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa was observed, which produced anatomopathological alterations, mainly in the liver, bile ducts, pancreas, and small intestine. The main macroscopic signs were the whitish suppurative pyogenic punctual lesions. The histological sections stained by hematoxylin-eosin showed an intense inflammatory reaction formed by mononuclear cells and macrophages surrounding the bile ducts, although the hepatic parenchyma still presented its normal aspect. Thus, pyogenic abscesses can be associated with E. paraensei infection depending on the strain and aggravating pathogenesis in the definitive host.KEY WORDS: Liver abscess; Swiss mice; trematode infection.
{"title":"Pathological effects of ECHINOSTOMA PARAENSEI infection associated with pyogenic abscesses caused by PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA in swiss mice","authors":"J. Silva Garcia, R. O. Simões, E. Mota, Incerlande Soares dos Santos, A. Maldonado Júnior","doi":"10.5216/RPT.V50I1.66670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/RPT.V50I1.66670","url":null,"abstract":"The trematode Echinostoma paraensei is an intestinal parasite transmitted by ingestion of the infectious stage of metacercariae. For scientific purposes, its life cycle has been maintained in the laboratory, allowing analysis using various biological approaches. Different parasite isolates have revealed atypical patterns of migration and establishment in ectopic sites in Swiss-Webster mice. During the investigation of the biological life cycle of an E. paraensei isolate from the silvatic rodent Nectomys squamipes collected in the municipality of Rio Bonito (State of Rio de Janeiro), a bacterial coinfection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa was observed, which produced anatomopathological alterations, mainly in the liver, bile ducts, pancreas, and small intestine. The main macroscopic signs were the whitish suppurative pyogenic punctual lesions. The histological sections stained by hematoxylin-eosin showed an intense inflammatory reaction formed by mononuclear cells and macrophages surrounding the bile ducts, although the hepatic parenchyma still presented its normal aspect. Thus, pyogenic abscesses can be associated with E. paraensei infection depending on the strain and aggravating pathogenesis in the definitive host.KEY WORDS: Liver abscess; Swiss mice; trematode infection.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47376590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mariana Brito de Oliveira, Alinne Silva Simões de Oliveira, A. Azevedo, Jessica Rossi da Silva, Thaylane Rodrigues Neves de Medeiros, Gabriel de Vasconcelos Seixas Ferreira da Silva, Marcelo dos Santos Cruz, T. Bogéa
The human species has an emotional connection with nature called “biophilia” (or, love for life). This connection goes from generation to generation, being one of the reasons why green spaces are present in large cities. Quinta da Boa Vista is a municipal park in Rio de Janeiro located in the Sao Cristovao neighborhood in the northern part of the city. Its main attraction is the artificial lake system, a leisure attraction for the local community. This article reports the presence of Biomphalaria glabrata and Physa acuta snails around the main lake in the Quinta da Boa Vista Municipal Park in Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Seventy-one B. glabrata and twenty-seven P. acuta snails were collected. The snails were measured and examined for the presence of trematode larvae according to standardized procedures. The prevalence rate of B. glabrata was estimated at 15.5%. Rediae and cercariae resembling those of the species Typhlocoelum cucumerinum (Typhlocoelidae, Digenea) which parasitizes aquatic birds of the order Anseriformes were found. This study reinforces the importance of monitoring park lakes and ponds to better understand the risk of helminth transmission by molluscan vectors.KEY WORDS: Snails; Schistosomiasis; Digenea; Quinta da Boa Vista; Rio de Janeiro.
人类与自然有一种情感联系，称为“亲生命”(或对生命的热爱)。这种联系代代相传，这也是大城市中存在绿地的原因之一。Quinta da Boa Vista是巴西里约热内卢的一个市政公园，位于城市北部的Sao Cristovao社区。它的主要吸引力是人工湖系统，是当地社区的休闲景点。本文报道了巴西里约热内卢金塔达博阿维斯塔市立公园主要湖泊周围存在的裸螺和尖螺。共收集到光斑田螺71只，尖田螺27只。根据标准化程序对钉螺进行吸虫幼虫的测量和检查。估计光斑白僵菌的患病率为15.5%。发现了类似于黄瓜伤寒菌属(伤寒菌科，Digenea)的寄生于雁形目水鸟的斑尾蚴和尾蚴。本研究强调了监测公园湖泊和池塘的重要性，以更好地了解蠕虫通过软体动物媒介传播的风险。关键词:蜗牛;血吸虫病;复殖类;金塔达博阿维斯塔;巴西里约热内卢。
{"title":"Occurrence of BIOMPHALARIA GLABRATA and PHYSA ACUTA (gastropoda: mollusca) snails in Quinta da Boa Vista municipal park, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil","authors":"Mariana Brito de Oliveira, Alinne Silva Simões de Oliveira, A. Azevedo, Jessica Rossi da Silva, Thaylane Rodrigues Neves de Medeiros, Gabriel de Vasconcelos Seixas Ferreira da Silva, Marcelo dos Santos Cruz, T. Bogéa","doi":"10.5216/RPT.V49I4.67383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/RPT.V49I4.67383","url":null,"abstract":"The human species has an emotional connection with nature called “biophilia” (or, love for life). This connection goes from generation to generation, being one of the reasons why green spaces are present in large cities. Quinta da Boa Vista is a municipal park in Rio de Janeiro located in the Sao Cristovao neighborhood in the northern part of the city. Its main attraction is the artificial lake system, a leisure attraction for the local community. This article reports the presence of Biomphalaria glabrata and Physa acuta snails around the main lake in the Quinta da Boa Vista Municipal Park in Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Seventy-one B. glabrata and twenty-seven P. acuta snails were collected. The snails were measured and examined for the presence of trematode larvae according to standardized procedures. The prevalence rate of B. glabrata was estimated at 15.5%. Rediae and cercariae resembling those of the species Typhlocoelum cucumerinum (Typhlocoelidae, Digenea) which parasitizes aquatic birds of the order Anseriformes were found. This study reinforces the importance of monitoring park lakes and ponds to better understand the risk of helminth transmission by molluscan vectors.KEY WORDS: Snails; Schistosomiasis; Digenea; Quinta da Boa Vista; Rio de Janeiro.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":"49 1","pages":"274-282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45505638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oswaldo Jesus Rodrigues da Motta, A. Gomes, L. Oliveira, L. Oliveira, Caio Henrique Santos Almeida, L. Braga
The current pandemic of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-19), caused by the pathogen SARSCoV-2, leading to thousands of deaths in 2020, has mobilized the scientific community, with the purpose of understanding the different aspects of the disease and proposing new treatment and prevention measures. Research carried out in several areas includes evaluating the possibility of using hyperimmune globulin and monoclonal antibodies against SARS CoV-2 as well as analyzing the viability and efficacy of monoclonal antibodies and hyperimmune globulin in combating Sars-CoV-2. A literature review was carried out with a defined search strategy using the keywords (i) “hyperimmune globulin”, (ii) “monoclonal antibody”, (iii)“ covid-19” and (iv)“ sars-cov-2”, in the PubMed and ResearchGate databases, using the bibliographic references of the articles selected in these databases. Of the 187 citations obtained, 10 articles published between 2019 and 2020 were selected after reading the summary of each one and determining its compatibility with the objective of this study. Final considerations highlight the main challenges and the feasibility of using hyperimmune globulin and monoclonal antibodies for the treatment/prevention of SARS CoV-2 infection.KEY WORDS: Hyperimmune globulin; monoclonal antibody; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2.
{"title":"Hyperimune globulin and monoclonal antibody for the treatment of SARS CoV-2 infection","authors":"Oswaldo Jesus Rodrigues da Motta, A. Gomes, L. Oliveira, L. Oliveira, Caio Henrique Santos Almeida, L. Braga","doi":"10.5216/RPT.V49I4.65396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/RPT.V49I4.65396","url":null,"abstract":"The current pandemic of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-19), caused by the pathogen SARSCoV-2, leading to thousands of deaths in 2020, has mobilized the scientific community, with the purpose of understanding the different aspects of the disease and proposing new treatment and prevention measures. Research carried out in several areas includes evaluating the possibility of using hyperimmune globulin and monoclonal antibodies against SARS CoV-2 as well as analyzing the viability and efficacy of monoclonal antibodies and hyperimmune globulin in combating Sars-CoV-2. A literature review was carried out with a defined search strategy using the keywords (i) “hyperimmune globulin”, (ii) “monoclonal antibody”, (iii)“ covid-19” and (iv)“ sars-cov-2”, in the PubMed and ResearchGate databases, using the bibliographic references of the articles selected in these databases. Of the 187 citations obtained, 10 articles published between 2019 and 2020 were selected after reading the summary of each one and determining its compatibility with the objective of this study. Final considerations highlight the main challenges and the feasibility of using hyperimmune globulin and monoclonal antibodies for the treatment/prevention of SARS CoV-2 infection.KEY WORDS: Hyperimmune globulin; monoclonal antibody; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70822891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Miguel, M. Meireles, Randyston Brenno Feitosa, Oswaldo Jesus Rodrigues da Motta, Sandra de Oliveira Pereira, Ademir Nunes Ribeiro Júnior, Marcio Luiz Fortuna Esmeraldo, S. Montenegro, Luiz Alberto Santana
Leptospirosis is one of the neglected infectious diseases locally widespread and extremely significant in tropical areas due to its great epidemic potential. It is a worldwide public health problem in view of the emergence and reemergence of the disease due to lack of sanitation and negligence, among other factors. In fact, leptospirosis infects more than 1 million people per year, resulting in almost 60,000 deaths. Human infection generally takes place after skin exposure to soil and/or water contaminated with urine of chronically infected mammals. The clinical presentations of the disease vary from a slight fever, goosebumps and flu-like symptoms to the acute forms of the disease. Understanding the main aspects of the disease is paramount due to the many unspecific signs and symptoms as well as frequently mistaken diagnosis. In this article, we discuss the epidemiological, immunopathogenic, clinical and prophylactic aspects of this condition with the purpose of clarifying an up to date panorama of the subject. KEY WORDS: Leptospirosis; Leptospira; concepts; clinical update.
{"title":"Leptospirosis, a clinical update regarding a neglected infectious disease","authors":"P. Miguel, M. Meireles, Randyston Brenno Feitosa, Oswaldo Jesus Rodrigues da Motta, Sandra de Oliveira Pereira, Ademir Nunes Ribeiro Júnior, Marcio Luiz Fortuna Esmeraldo, S. Montenegro, Luiz Alberto Santana","doi":"10.5216/RPT.V49I4.67332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/RPT.V49I4.67332","url":null,"abstract":"Leptospirosis is one of the neglected infectious diseases locally widespread and extremely significant in tropical areas due to its great epidemic potential. It is a worldwide public health problem in view of the emergence and reemergence of the disease due to lack of sanitation and negligence, among other factors. In fact, leptospirosis infects more than 1 million people per year, resulting in almost 60,000 deaths. Human infection generally takes place after skin exposure to soil and/or water contaminated with urine of chronically infected mammals. The clinical presentations of the disease vary from a slight fever, goosebumps and flu-like symptoms to the acute forms of the disease. Understanding the main aspects of the disease is paramount due to the many unspecific signs and symptoms as well as frequently mistaken diagnosis. In this article, we discuss the epidemiological, immunopathogenic, clinical and prophylactic aspects of this condition with the purpose of clarifying an up to date panorama of the subject. \u0000KEY WORDS: Leptospirosis; Leptospira; concepts; clinical update.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":"49 1","pages":"229-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41325585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos Eduardo Menezes Viana, Eduardo Arrais Rocha, A. Quidute, A. C. D. Costa, M. C. Andrade, Julieth Mesquita Lacerda, Jose Igor de Oliveira Jaco, M. F. Oliveira
The Pharmaceutical Care Service of the Chagas Disease Research Laboratory (LPDC), in the State of Ceara, Brazil, treats patients with Chagas disease (CD), characterized as a chronic, neglected disease that requires full patient follow-up. Objective: determine the socioeconomic and demographic profile of patients with CD treated at the LPDC. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out, in which 507 patients were treated from January 2007 to May 2016. The variables collected were gender, age, place of birth, schooling, family income, type of health care, occupation, living conditions and habits. The profile of Trypanosoma cruzi infected individuals consisted of 51.1% males; mean age of 50.4 years; 26.6% were small farmers; 48.7% had not finished elementary school; 36.9% had a family income of one minimum wage; 77.7% did not have private health insurance and most of them came from rural areas. Regarding habits, 66.5% were nonsmokers and 70.0% were sedentary. Additionally, an improvement was noted in housing conditions, with most patients moving from wattle and daub huts, which were their first homes, to brick houses. We conclude that the analysis of the socioeconomic and demographic profile of patients treated at the LPDC showed that most of them come from a low socioeconomic population, where the demand for treatment has been occurring at a later age, further reinforcing the importance of the follow-up provided by the LPDC.KEY WORDS: Chagas disease; health services research; health profile; pharmaceutical care.
{"title":"Pharmaceutical care in the state of Ceará, Brazil: socioeconomic and demographic profile of patients with chagas disease attended in a referral center","authors":"Carlos Eduardo Menezes Viana, Eduardo Arrais Rocha, A. Quidute, A. C. D. Costa, M. C. Andrade, Julieth Mesquita Lacerda, Jose Igor de Oliveira Jaco, M. F. Oliveira","doi":"10.5216/RPT.V49I4.64499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/RPT.V49I4.64499","url":null,"abstract":"The Pharmaceutical Care Service of the Chagas Disease Research Laboratory (LPDC), in the State of Ceara, Brazil, treats patients with Chagas disease (CD), characterized as a chronic, neglected disease that requires full patient follow-up. Objective: determine the socioeconomic and demographic profile of patients with CD treated at the LPDC. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out, in which 507 patients were treated from January 2007 to May 2016. The variables collected were gender, age, place of birth, schooling, family income, type of health care, occupation, living conditions and habits. The profile of Trypanosoma cruzi infected individuals consisted of 51.1% males; mean age of 50.4 years; 26.6% were small farmers; 48.7% had not finished elementary school; 36.9% had a family income of one minimum wage; 77.7% did not have private health insurance and most of them came from rural areas. Regarding habits, 66.5% were nonsmokers and 70.0% were sedentary. Additionally, an improvement was noted in housing conditions, with most patients moving from wattle and daub huts, which were their first homes, to brick houses. We conclude that the analysis of the socioeconomic and demographic profile of patients treated at the LPDC showed that most of them come from a low socioeconomic population, where the demand for treatment has been occurring at a later age, further reinforcing the importance of the follow-up provided by the LPDC.KEY WORDS: Chagas disease; health services research; health profile; pharmaceutical care.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49484885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Natália Melo Nasser Fava, João Da Costa Viana, Márcia Cristina Cury
Trichomonas vaginalis is the etiological agent of trichomoniasis one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections worldwide. This paper aimed to determine the prevalence and the risk factors associated to the dissemination of the parasite in the prison environment, as well as comparing the diagnostic methods used for its detection. The present study included 56 female inmates at Professor Jacy de Assis Penitentiary, in Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil, regardless of ethnicity, socioeconomic status, age and sexual orientation. To diagnose T. vaginalis, wet mount and culture in TYM medium were utilized. The results were comparedto the Papanicolaou test, the routine diagnostic method used in prisons. To outline the socioepidemiologicalprofile of the participants an investigative survey was applied during an interview preceding the medical consultation. Of the 56 women included in the present study, six were diagnosed positive for T. vaginalis, by the three methods resulting in a prevalence of 10.7%. Culture and wet mount presented 100% specificity and sensitivity. On the other hand, sensitivity and specificity of the Papanicolaou test were 75% and 96%, respectively. None of the variables analysed, herein, could be associated with the infection. Despite the presence of the parasite, it was not possible to set an epidemiological pattern for positive patients, highlightingthe particularities of this population. Regarding the diagnostic methods, wet mount and culture were equally efficient and superior to Papanicolaou in detecting T. vaginalis. KEY WORDS: Trichomoniasis; penitentiary; diagnosis; women; risk factors.
阴道毛滴虫是滴虫病的病原，滴虫病是世界上最普遍的性传播感染之一。本文旨在确定该寄生虫在监狱环境中的流行情况和传播相关的危险因素，并比较用于检测该寄生虫的诊断方法。本研究包括巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州乌伯兰迪亚Jacy de Assis教授监狱的56名女囚犯，不分种族、社会经济地位、年龄和性取向。采用湿载法和TYM培养基培养法诊断阴道炎。结果与监狱常规诊断方法Papanicolaou试验进行了比较。为了概述参与者的社会流行病学概况，在医疗咨询之前的访谈中应用了调查调查。在本研究中包括的56名妇女中，有6名被诊断为阴道绦虫阳性，通过三种方法导致患病率为10.7%。培养和湿mount的特异性和敏感性均为100%。另一方面，Papanicolaou试验的敏感性为75%，特异性为96%。本文所分析的变量均与感染无关。尽管存在寄生虫，但不可能为阳性患者设定流行病学模式，这突出了该人群的特殊性。在诊断方法上，湿载法和培养法检测阴道绦虫同样有效，且优于帕帕尼科法。关键词:滴虫病;监狱;诊断;女性;风险因素。
{"title":"TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS in female prison inmates from Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil: prevalence, diagnosis and epidemiological aspects","authors":"Natália Melo Nasser Fava, João Da Costa Viana, Márcia Cristina Cury","doi":"10.5216/rpt.v49i4.64502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/rpt.v49i4.64502","url":null,"abstract":"Trichomonas vaginalis is the etiological agent of trichomoniasis one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections worldwide. This paper aimed to determine the prevalence and the risk factors associated to the dissemination of the parasite in the prison environment, as well as comparing the diagnostic methods used for its detection. The present study included 56 female inmates at Professor Jacy de Assis Penitentiary, in Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil, regardless of ethnicity, socioeconomic status, age and sexual orientation. To diagnose T. vaginalis, wet mount and culture in TYM medium were utilized. The results were comparedto the Papanicolaou test, the routine diagnostic method used in prisons. To outline the socioepidemiologicalprofile of the participants an investigative survey was applied during an interview preceding the medical consultation. Of the 56 women included in the present study, six were diagnosed positive for T. vaginalis, by the three methods resulting in a prevalence of 10.7%. Culture and wet mount presented 100% specificity and sensitivity. On the other hand, sensitivity and specificity of the Papanicolaou test were 75% and 96%, respectively. None of the variables analysed, herein, could be associated with the infection. Despite the presence of the parasite, it was not possible to set an epidemiological pattern for positive patients, highlightingthe particularities of this population. Regarding the diagnostic methods, wet mount and culture were equally efficient and superior to Papanicolaou in detecting T. vaginalis. \u0000KEY WORDS: Trichomoniasis; penitentiary; diagnosis; women; risk factors.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70823337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Beatriz Antunes de Souza, Luiz Carlos Silva Souza, Adriana Oliveira Guilarde, Alexandre Augustus Costa Barbosa, Luiz Alves Ferreira Filho, Marta Antunes de Souza
The following case is of a 59-year-old man, undergoing no medication, with no pathological history or others risk factors, who presented dizziness, fever and asthenia twenty days before admission. The patient was admitted for investigation when the asthenia intensified, followed by seizures. On admission, blood count, biochemical tests and chest computed tomography were normal, a serological test for anti-HIV proved negative, while the magnetic resonance of the brain showed signs suggestive of meningoencephalitis. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis suggested bacterial meningitis due to increased leukocytes with a predominance of polymorphonuclear cells, reduced glucose and increased proteins as well as positive Gram cocci in pairs by Gram and negative fungi by India ink test. Treatment with ceftriaxone was started. Since there was no significant improvement, CSF analysis was repeated on the seventh day of treatment. Intracranial pressure was measured by manometry (29 mmHg) and CSF analysis showed the presence of encapsulated yeasts similar to Cryptococcus neoformans by the India ink test. The treatment was modified to liposomal amphotericin B and flucytosine; the intracranial hypertension was controlled by repeated CSF punctures. After fourteen days of antifungal treatment, the patient presented visual turbidity and bilateral papillar edema, so corticosteroid therapy was prescribed. The evolution was favorable, with progressive resolution of symptoms, improvement of CSF parameters and visual acuity. The patient was discharged eight weeks after admission, with outpatient guidance. Corticosteroid therapy associated with antifungal therapy proved to be beneficial in this case, since following the introduction of corticosteroids there was progressive visual improvement.KEY WORDS: Neurocryptococcosis; Cryptococcus gattii; ocular involvement; optic neuritis
{"title":"Meningoencephalitis and optical neuritis caused by CRYPTOCOCCUS GATTII in an immunocompetent patient","authors":"Beatriz Antunes de Souza, Luiz Carlos Silva Souza, Adriana Oliveira Guilarde, Alexandre Augustus Costa Barbosa, Luiz Alves Ferreira Filho, Marta Antunes de Souza","doi":"10.5216/rpt.v49i4.67163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5216/rpt.v49i4.67163","url":null,"abstract":"The following case is of a 59-year-old man, undergoing no medication, with no pathological history or others risk factors, who presented dizziness, fever and asthenia twenty days before admission. The patient was admitted for investigation when the asthenia intensified, followed by seizures. On admission, blood count, biochemical tests and chest computed tomography were normal, a serological test for anti-HIV proved negative, while the magnetic resonance of the brain showed signs suggestive of meningoencephalitis. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis suggested bacterial meningitis due to increased leukocytes with a predominance of polymorphonuclear cells, reduced glucose and increased proteins as well as positive Gram cocci in pairs by Gram and negative fungi by India ink test. Treatment with ceftriaxone was started. Since there was no significant improvement, CSF analysis was repeated on the seventh day of treatment. Intracranial pressure was measured by manometry (29 mmHg) and CSF analysis showed the presence of encapsulated yeasts similar to Cryptococcus neoformans by the India ink test. The treatment was modified to liposomal amphotericin B and flucytosine; the intracranial hypertension was controlled by repeated CSF punctures. After fourteen days of antifungal treatment, the patient presented visual turbidity and bilateral papillar edema, so corticosteroid therapy was prescribed. The evolution was favorable, with progressive resolution of symptoms, improvement of CSF parameters and visual acuity. The patient was discharged eight weeks after admission, with outpatient guidance. Corticosteroid therapy associated with antifungal therapy proved to be beneficial in this case, since following the introduction of corticosteroids there was progressive visual improvement.KEY WORDS: Neurocryptococcosis; Cryptococcus gattii; ocular involvement; optic neuritis","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70822976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Penulisan ini dilakukan berdasarkan pada permasalahan tentang lahan pertanian pangan memiliki fungsi strategis secara sosial, ekonomi dan religius bagi masyarakat Indonesia yang agraris. Namun karena kebutuhan terhadap lahan-lahan baru serta luas lahan yang terbatas serta laju pertumbuhan penduduk yang memerlukan lahan, alih fungsi lahan tidak dapat dihindari. Alih fungsi lahan bila tidak diantisipasi akan mengancam ketahanan, kemandirian dan kedaulatan pangan petani dan masyarakat. Karena itu, akan ditelaah lebih lanjut mengenai perlunya perlindungan hukum bagi lahan pertanian pangan yang ada menjadi lahan pertanian abadi dalam kebijakan negara mengenai perlindungan lahan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan. Melalui penelitian normative dengan pendekatan dan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Bagi masyarakat sebagai tambahan pengetahuan bahwa untuk mewujudkan ketahanan pangan nasional,lahan pertaniannya harus dipertahankan.Bagi pemerintah untuk menyusun program dan kebijakan terkait dengan perlindungan lahan pertanian berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Sinjai. Pemerintah Daerah perlu menetapkan kebijakan perlindungan lahan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan dalam Peraturan daerah tentang Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah yang selanjutnya diderivasi ke dalam Peraturan daerah tentang Perlindungan Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan agar alih fungsi lahan dapat dicegah dan lahan pertanian pangan dapat dikembangkan menjadi lahan pertanian abadi untuk mewujudkan kemandirian dan ketahanan pangan.
{"title":"EFEKTIVITAS TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN PENGATURAN LAHAN PERTANIAN PANGAN BERKELANJUTAN","authors":"Muhammad. Nur Ansari, Syamsul Bachri, K. Lahae","doi":"10.28946/RPT.V9I2.863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28946/RPT.V9I2.863","url":null,"abstract":"Penulisan ini dilakukan berdasarkan pada permasalahan tentang lahan pertanian pangan memiliki fungsi strategis secara sosial, ekonomi dan religius bagi masyarakat Indonesia yang agraris. Namun karena kebutuhan terhadap lahan-lahan baru serta luas lahan yang terbatas serta laju pertumbuhan penduduk yang memerlukan lahan, alih fungsi lahan tidak dapat dihindari. Alih fungsi lahan bila tidak diantisipasi akan mengancam ketahanan, kemandirian dan kedaulatan pangan petani dan masyarakat. Karena itu, akan ditelaah lebih lanjut mengenai perlunya perlindungan hukum bagi lahan pertanian pangan yang ada menjadi lahan pertanian abadi dalam kebijakan negara mengenai perlindungan lahan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan. Melalui penelitian normative dengan pendekatan dan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Bagi masyarakat sebagai tambahan pengetahuan bahwa untuk mewujudkan ketahanan pangan nasional,lahan pertaniannya harus dipertahankan.Bagi pemerintah untuk menyusun program dan kebijakan terkait dengan perlindungan lahan pertanian berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Sinjai. Pemerintah Daerah perlu menetapkan kebijakan perlindungan lahan pertanian pangan berkelanjutan dalam Peraturan daerah tentang Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah yang selanjutnya diderivasi ke dalam Peraturan daerah tentang Perlindungan Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan agar alih fungsi lahan dapat dicegah dan lahan pertanian pangan dapat dikembangkan menjadi lahan pertanian abadi untuk mewujudkan kemandirian dan ketahanan pangan.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":"9 1","pages":"135-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45379822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Notaris memiliki peranan penting dalam menyelesaikan masalah hukum di dalam masyarakat, alat bukti yang digunakan oleh notaris pembutannya tertulis. Notaris bertanggung jawab untuk menjaga kepercayaan masyarakat dan menjunjung tinggi etika hukum dan martabat dalam menjalankan profesinya. Disisi lain, notaris harus patut dan tunduk pada Kode Etik yang berdasarkan pada Undang-undang Jabatan Notaris Nomor 2 Tahun 2014, atas perubahan Undang-undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2004 untuk selanjutnya disebut UUJN. Notaris dituntun untuk mematuhi peraturan perundang-undangan, bila notaris tidak mematuhi peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku akan mendapatkan sanksi sesuai dengan pelangaran yang diperbuatnya. Notaris yang terbukti melakukan pelanggaran terhadap kewajiban dan larangan Notaris sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 16 dan Pasal 17 UUJN, dapat dikenakan sanksi baik berupa sanksi perdata, sanksi administratif, sanksi kode etik bahkan sanksi pidana. Notaris yang melakukan pelanggaran tidak semerta-merta di beri hukuman, dalam Pasal 7 ayat 2 menyatakan bahwa "Notaris yang melanggar ketentuan dapat dikenai sanksi berupa: peringatan tertulis; pemberhentian sementara; pemberhentian dengan hormat; atau pemberhentian dengan tidak hormat.". Notaris yang melanggar ketentuan tersebut akan diberikan kesempatan, bila notaris yang melanggar tetap mengulangi pelanggaran yang sama Dewan Kehormatan dan Majelis Pengawas masing-masing berhak melakukan pemeriksaan sendiri-sendiri jika ada oknum notaris yang melakukan pelanggaran. Notaris yang secara sadar melanggar kode etik tersebut, dapat dikenakan sanksi dan dapat merugikan para pihak serta notaris itu sendiri.
{"title":"SANKSI TERHADAP NOTARIS DALAM MELANGGAR KODE ETIK","authors":"P. Ayuningtyas","doi":"10.28946/RPT.V9I2.637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28946/RPT.V9I2.637","url":null,"abstract":"Notaris memiliki peranan penting dalam menyelesaikan masalah hukum di dalam masyarakat, alat bukti yang digunakan oleh notaris pembutannya tertulis. Notaris bertanggung jawab untuk menjaga kepercayaan masyarakat dan menjunjung tinggi etika hukum dan martabat dalam menjalankan profesinya. Disisi lain, notaris harus patut dan tunduk pada Kode Etik yang berdasarkan pada Undang-undang Jabatan Notaris Nomor 2 Tahun 2014, atas perubahan Undang-undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2004 untuk selanjutnya disebut UUJN. Notaris dituntun untuk mematuhi peraturan perundang-undangan, bila notaris tidak mematuhi peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku akan mendapatkan sanksi sesuai dengan pelangaran yang diperbuatnya. Notaris yang terbukti melakukan pelanggaran terhadap kewajiban dan larangan Notaris sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 16 dan Pasal 17 UUJN, dapat dikenakan sanksi baik berupa sanksi perdata, sanksi administratif, sanksi kode etik bahkan sanksi pidana. Notaris yang melakukan pelanggaran tidak semerta-merta di beri hukuman, dalam Pasal 7 ayat 2 menyatakan bahwa \"Notaris yang melanggar ketentuan dapat dikenai sanksi berupa: peringatan tertulis; pemberhentian sementara; pemberhentian dengan hormat; atau pemberhentian dengan tidak hormat.\". Notaris yang melanggar ketentuan tersebut akan diberikan kesempatan, bila notaris yang melanggar tetap mengulangi pelanggaran yang sama Dewan Kehormatan dan Majelis Pengawas masing-masing berhak melakukan pemeriksaan sendiri-sendiri jika ada oknum notaris yang melakukan pelanggaran. Notaris yang secara sadar melanggar kode etik tersebut, dapat dikenakan sanksi dan dapat merugikan para pihak serta notaris itu sendiri.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":"9 1","pages":"95-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42454442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Syahri Ramadhan, M. Syaifuddin, Theta Murty, Neisa Angrum Adisti, M. Arifin, Rizka Nurliyantika, M. A. Nugraha, Conie Pania Putri
Pada dasarnya perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang e – commerce ini sama seperti perusahaan yang kegiatan bisnisnya masih menggunakan cara – cara konvensional. Di samping itu perusahaan tersebut juga membutuhkan dana untuk melaksanakan kegiatan operasional perusahaan itu sendiri. Perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang e – commerce meskipun kegiatan biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk kegiatan bisnisnya tidak sebesar dengan perusahaan konvensional, namun perusahaan tersebut tetap saja membutuhkan anggaran untuk menjamin kelangsungan bisnis tersebut. Perusahaan yang bergerak bidang e – commerce tentunya selain mengandalkan kepada modal dasar yang dimiliki, namun perusahaan pasti juga bergantung kepada sumber anggaran lainnya yaitu melalui kegiatan utang. Perusahaan apabila memanfaatkan pola utang ini, ada kemungkinan perusahaan di bidang e – commerce tersebut akan dapat dipailitkan jika ternyata perusahaan tersebut memenuhi syarat untuk dipailitkan sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 2 ayat (1) UU No. 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang. Masalah selanjutnya tentunya mengenai mekanisme penentuan harta kekayaan perusahaan di bidang e-commerce tersebut untuk dijadikan boedel /harta pailit. Hal ini mengingat aset perusahaan di bidang e-commerce selain berupa benda yang berwujud seperti gedung kantor, uang, kendaraan perusahaan dan semcamnya. Di sisi lain perusahaan juga mempunyai aset dalam bentuk yang tidak berwujud yaitu aplikasi sistem e-commerce itu sendiri.
{"title":"KEPAILITAN PERSEROAN TERBATAS DI BIDANG USAHA E – COMMERCE","authors":"Muhammad Syahri Ramadhan, M. Syaifuddin, Theta Murty, Neisa Angrum Adisti, M. Arifin, Rizka Nurliyantika, M. A. Nugraha, Conie Pania Putri","doi":"10.28946/RPT.V9I2.843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28946/RPT.V9I2.843","url":null,"abstract":"Pada dasarnya perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang e – commerce ini sama seperti perusahaan yang kegiatan bisnisnya masih menggunakan cara – cara konvensional. Di samping itu perusahaan tersebut juga membutuhkan dana untuk melaksanakan kegiatan operasional perusahaan itu sendiri. Perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang e – commerce meskipun kegiatan biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk kegiatan bisnisnya tidak sebesar dengan perusahaan konvensional, namun perusahaan tersebut tetap saja membutuhkan anggaran untuk menjamin kelangsungan bisnis tersebut. Perusahaan yang bergerak bidang e – commerce tentunya selain mengandalkan kepada modal dasar yang dimiliki, namun perusahaan pasti juga bergantung kepada sumber anggaran lainnya yaitu melalui kegiatan utang. Perusahaan apabila memanfaatkan pola utang ini, ada kemungkinan perusahaan di bidang e – commerce tersebut akan dapat dipailitkan jika ternyata perusahaan tersebut memenuhi syarat untuk dipailitkan sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 2 ayat (1) UU No. 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang. Masalah selanjutnya tentunya mengenai mekanisme penentuan harta kekayaan perusahaan di bidang e-commerce tersebut untuk dijadikan boedel /harta pailit. Hal ini mengingat aset perusahaan di bidang e-commerce selain berupa benda yang berwujud seperti gedung kantor, uang, kendaraan perusahaan dan semcamnya. Di sisi lain perusahaan juga mempunyai aset dalam bentuk yang tidak berwujud yaitu aplikasi sistem e-commerce itu sendiri.","PeriodicalId":36789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Pathology","volume":"9 1","pages":"123-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48578165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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