Pub Date : 2022-01-07DOI: 10.4324/9780203856871-37
Peter M. Lydyard, Michael F. Cole, John Holton, William L. Irving, Nino Porakishvili, Pradhib Venkatesan, K. Ward
This datasheet on Toxoplasma gondii covers Identity, Overview, Distribution, Hosts/Species Affected, Impacts, Further Information.
本数据表涵盖弓形虫的身份，概述，分布，受影响的宿主/物种，影响，进一步信息。
{"title":"Toxoplasma gondii","authors":"Peter M. Lydyard, Michael F. Cole, John Holton, William L. Irving, Nino Porakishvili, Pradhib Venkatesan, K. Ward","doi":"10.4324/9780203856871-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203856871-37","url":null,"abstract":"This datasheet on Toxoplasma gondii covers Identity, Overview, Distribution, Hosts/Species Affected, Impacts, Further Information.","PeriodicalId":370939,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Infectious Disease","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131650545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-20DOI: 10.4324/9780203856871-13
P. Lydyard, Michael F. Cole, J. Holton, William L. Irving, N. Porakishvili, P. Venkatesan, K. Ward
{"title":"Hepatitis B virus","authors":"P. Lydyard, Michael F. Cole, J. Holton, William L. Irving, N. Porakishvili, P. Venkatesan, K. Ward","doi":"10.4324/9780203856871-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203856871-13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":370939,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Infectious Disease","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116682274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Lydyard, M. Cole, J. Holton, W. Irving, N. Porakishvili, P. Venkatesan, K. Ward
{"title":"Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1)","authors":"P. Lydyard, M. Cole, J. Holton, W. Irving, N. Porakishvili, P. Venkatesan, K. Ward","doi":"10.4324/9780203853863-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203853863-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":370939,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Infectious Disease","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121395524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-20DOI: 10.4324/9780203856871-29
P. Lydyard, M. Cole, J. Holton, W. Irving, N. Porakishvili, P. Venkatesan, K. Ward
{"title":"Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)","authors":"P. Lydyard, M. Cole, J. Holton, W. Irving, N. Porakishvili, P. Venkatesan, K. Ward","doi":"10.4324/9780203856871-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203856871-29","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":370939,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Infectious Disease","volume":"52 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132870661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-20DOI: 10.4324/9780203856871-17
P. Lydyard, Michael F. Cole, J. Holton, W. Irving, N. Porakishvili, P. Venkatesan, K. Ward
{"title":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","authors":"P. Lydyard, Michael F. Cole, J. Holton, W. Irving, N. Porakishvili, P. Venkatesan, K. Ward","doi":"10.4324/9780203856871-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203856871-17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":370939,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Infectious Disease","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133370803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-20DOI: 10.4324/9780203856871-39
P. Lydyard, M. Cole, J. Holton, W. Irving, N. Porakishvili, P. Venkatesan, K. Ward
{"title":"Varicella-zoster virus","authors":"P. Lydyard, M. Cole, J. Holton, W. Irving, N. Porakishvili, P. Venkatesan, K. Ward","doi":"10.4324/9780203856871-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203856871-39","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":370939,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Infectious Disease","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124022073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Lydyard, M. Cole, J. Holton, W. Irving, N. Porakishvili, P. Venkatesan, K. Ward
{"title":"Epstein-Barr virus","authors":"P. Lydyard, M. Cole, J. Holton, W. Irving, N. Porakishvili, P. Venkatesan, K. Ward","doi":"10.4324/9780203856871-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203856871-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":370939,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Infectious Disease","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131731717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4324/9780203856871-23
P. Lydyard, Michael F. Cole, J. Holton, W. Irving, N. Porakishvili, P. Venkatesan, K. N. Ward
(TB) Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) that still constitutes a public health problem in Paraguay. This cross-sectional, descriptive, and observational pilot study aimed to characterize Mtbstrains isolated by the molecular technique “MycobacterialIn terspersedRepetitiveUnits-Variable NumberTandemRepeats” (MIRU-VNTR). It has been used 19 isolatedstrainscollected during 2008 at Hospital Km 81, Department of Cordillera. The samples have been analyzed in the Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology of the Research Institute in Health Sciences (hereinafter IICS, by its acronym in Spanish) of the National University of Asuncion where they were subjected to amplification of 12 MIRU-VNTR loci, followed by electrophoresis of polyacrylamide gel. Genetic patterns were classified using the MIRU-VNTRplus bioinformatics tool. The Hunter Gaston Diversity Index (HGDI) determined that the MIRU 10 and MIRU 40 loci had the highest discriminatory power. Four strains were found in 2 clades with 100% similarity. In addition, 12/19 strains were found in 4 clades with 80% similarity. Additional studies are necessary to determine epidemiological associations. MIRU-VNTR grouped the strains studied with members of the LAM, Haarlem and X families with a predominance of the LAM family (79%).
{"title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","authors":"P. Lydyard, Michael F. Cole, J. Holton, W. Irving, N. Porakishvili, P. Venkatesan, K. N. Ward","doi":"10.4324/9780203856871-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203856871-23","url":null,"abstract":"(TB) Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) that still constitutes a public health problem in Paraguay. This cross-sectional, descriptive, and observational pilot study aimed to characterize Mtbstrains isolated by the molecular technique “MycobacterialIn terspersedRepetitiveUnits-Variable NumberTandemRepeats” (MIRU-VNTR). It has been used 19 isolatedstrainscollected during 2008 at Hospital Km 81, Department of Cordillera. The samples have been analyzed in the Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology of the Research Institute in Health Sciences (hereinafter IICS, by its acronym in Spanish) of the National University of Asuncion where they were subjected to amplification of 12 MIRU-VNTR loci, followed by electrophoresis of polyacrylamide gel. Genetic patterns were classified using the MIRU-VNTRplus bioinformatics tool. The Hunter Gaston Diversity Index (HGDI) determined that the MIRU 10 and MIRU 40 loci had the highest discriminatory power. Four strains were found in 2 clades with 100% similarity. In addition, 12/19 strains were found in 4 clades with 80% similarity. Additional studies are necessary to determine epidemiological associations. MIRU-VNTR grouped the strains studied with members of the LAM, Haarlem and X families with a predominance of the LAM family (79%).","PeriodicalId":370939,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Infectious Disease","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114422162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Lydyard, Michael F. Cole, J. Holton, William L. Irving, N. Porakishvili, P. Venkatesan, K. Ward
Dirithromycin is a new macrolide antibiotic with an active metabolite, erythromycylamine. We evaluated the in vitro activities of both drugs against 16 isolates of Chiamydia trachomatis and compared them with that of doxycycline. In vitro susceptibility testing was performed with McCoy cell monolayers. The MIC was defined as the lowest concentration of antibiotic without inclusions. The MBC was defined as the lowest concentration of antibiotic yielding no inclusions after passage onto 24-h-old antibiotic-free McCoy cell monolayers. Dirithromycin and erythromycylamine appeared to be equally effective against these 16 strains of C. trachomatis (MIC for 90%o of strains tested, mg/ml; MBC for 90% of strains tested, 2 p,g/ml). Both were less active than doxycycline (MIC for 90%o of strains tested, 0.06 ,g/ml; MBC for 90%o of strains tested, 0.12 ,ug/ml). The combination of dirithromycin and erythromycylamine appeared to be additive.
{"title":"Chlamydia trachomatis","authors":"P. Lydyard, Michael F. Cole, J. Holton, William L. Irving, N. Porakishvili, P. Venkatesan, K. Ward","doi":"10.4324/9780203856871-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203856871-4","url":null,"abstract":"Dirithromycin is a new macrolide antibiotic with an active metabolite, erythromycylamine. We evaluated the in vitro activities of both drugs against 16 isolates of Chiamydia trachomatis and compared them with that of doxycycline. In vitro susceptibility testing was performed with McCoy cell monolayers. The MIC was defined as the lowest concentration of antibiotic without inclusions. The MBC was defined as the lowest concentration of antibiotic yielding no inclusions after passage onto 24-h-old antibiotic-free McCoy cell monolayers. Dirithromycin and erythromycylamine appeared to be equally effective against these 16 strains of C. trachomatis (MIC for 90%o of strains tested, mg/ml; MBC for 90% of strains tested, 2 p,g/ml). Both were less active than doxycycline (MIC for 90%o of strains tested, 0.06 ,g/ml; MBC for 90%o of strains tested, 0.12 ,ug/ml). The combination of dirithromycin and erythromycylamine appeared to be additive.","PeriodicalId":370939,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Infectious Disease","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130620622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4324/9780203856871-18
Peter M. Lydyard, Michael F. Cole, John Holton, William L. Irving, Nino Porakishvili, Pradhib Venkatesan, Katherine N. Ward
{"title":"Influenza virus","authors":"Peter M. Lydyard, Michael F. Cole, John Holton, William L. Irving, Nino Porakishvili, Pradhib Venkatesan, Katherine N. Ward","doi":"10.4324/9780203856871-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203856871-18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":370939,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Infectious Disease","volume":"141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116278717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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