Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2582
Alexandre FS Mello, Mazilene B de Souza, Giovani O da Silva, Maria Thereza M Pedroso, Alailson V Santiago, José Luiz V de Carvalho
ABSTRACT The north region of Brazil has been experiencing agricultural and urban expansion leading to the need for economic alternatives to reduce deforestation and to increase food supply. One possibility is the cultivation of vegetables that are easily grown such as the sweetpotato. The objective of this work is to assess the performance of sweetpotato genotypes in three different planting seasons in Marabá, Brazil. Sweetpotato genotypes were evaluated using randomized block experimental design and at harvest time the final plant stand and the commercial root production were evaluated. Clone 11 was the most productive one in all planting dates, with commercial yield ranging from 80.4 to 127 t/ha. Canadense also was very productive and among the top yielding genotypes. CIP BRS Nuti’s commercial yield was similar to Beauregard’s in the two initial growing seasons but higher in the third planting cycle. The first season, that had high moisture during harvest time, presented the lowest root quality. However, in general, all cultivars performed well, being good options for growers to produce a food source with high quality and yield in small areas.
{"title":"Sweetpotato as an alternative crop for vegetable growers in Marabá-PA","authors":"Alexandre FS Mello, Mazilene B de Souza, Giovani O da Silva, Maria Thereza M Pedroso, Alailson V Santiago, José Luiz V de Carvalho","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2582","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The north region of Brazil has been experiencing agricultural and urban expansion leading to the need for economic alternatives to reduce deforestation and to increase food supply. One possibility is the cultivation of vegetables that are easily grown such as the sweetpotato. The objective of this work is to assess the performance of sweetpotato genotypes in three different planting seasons in Marabá, Brazil. Sweetpotato genotypes were evaluated using randomized block experimental design and at harvest time the final plant stand and the commercial root production were evaluated. Clone 11 was the most productive one in all planting dates, with commercial yield ranging from 80.4 to 127 t/ha. Canadense also was very productive and among the top yielding genotypes. CIP BRS Nuti’s commercial yield was similar to Beauregard’s in the two initial growing seasons but higher in the third planting cycle. The first season, that had high moisture during harvest time, presented the lowest root quality. However, in general, all cultivars performed well, being good options for growers to produce a food source with high quality and yield in small areas.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135107793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2604
Milza M Lana
ABSTRACT Research discussed in this paper reports the difficulties related to on-farm data collection of leafy vegetables loss and proposes a method to estimate vegetable loss in an exploratory survey. Loss was estimated for rocket (Eruca sativa), coriander (Coriandrum sativum) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa) in two farms located in Federal District, Brazil. The best index to express loss due to unharvested plants was different whether the vegetable was marketed as plant units (lettuce) or bunches (rocket and coriander). The discard of rocket varied substantially between farms and between successive crops in the same farm. On Farm 1, it varied from 80.6% to 0.0% of the crop area and on Farm 2 from 42.4% to 72.4%. Loss of coriander on Farm 1 varied from 0.0% to 10.8% of the area, compared to 2.3% to 34.5% on Farm 2. The total loss for each lettuce type varied between and within farms. Considering individual surveys on both farms, the losses of lettuce varied from 1.6% to 84.8% of the plant population at harvest, depending on the lettuce type, crop and farm. Measuring losses of leafy vegetables at primary production proved to be quite challenging and time consuming. Two boundaries were particularly difficult to establish: marketable versus unmarketable produce and pre-harvest loss versus harvest loss. In view of the difficulties faced during the measurement of leafy vegetables loss at primary production, the methodology was changed in order to decrease the number of visits and the time of permanence in the farm necessary to accomplish a survey; be independent of data collection by the farmer and by the farm’ staff; reduce the costs of displacement to the farm.
{"title":"Quantification of leafy vegetables loss at primary production - research limitations and proposed methodology for on-farm data collection","authors":"Milza M Lana","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2604","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Research discussed in this paper reports the difficulties related to on-farm data collection of leafy vegetables loss and proposes a method to estimate vegetable loss in an exploratory survey. Loss was estimated for rocket (Eruca sativa), coriander (Coriandrum sativum) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa) in two farms located in Federal District, Brazil. The best index to express loss due to unharvested plants was different whether the vegetable was marketed as plant units (lettuce) or bunches (rocket and coriander). The discard of rocket varied substantially between farms and between successive crops in the same farm. On Farm 1, it varied from 80.6% to 0.0% of the crop area and on Farm 2 from 42.4% to 72.4%. Loss of coriander on Farm 1 varied from 0.0% to 10.8% of the area, compared to 2.3% to 34.5% on Farm 2. The total loss for each lettuce type varied between and within farms. Considering individual surveys on both farms, the losses of lettuce varied from 1.6% to 84.8% of the plant population at harvest, depending on the lettuce type, crop and farm. Measuring losses of leafy vegetables at primary production proved to be quite challenging and time consuming. Two boundaries were particularly difficult to establish: marketable versus unmarketable produce and pre-harvest loss versus harvest loss. In view of the difficulties faced during the measurement of leafy vegetables loss at primary production, the methodology was changed in order to decrease the number of visits and the time of permanence in the farm necessary to accomplish a survey; be independent of data collection by the farmer and by the farm’ staff; reduce the costs of displacement to the farm.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135106732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2589
Giovani Olegario da Silva, Raphael Augusto de C e Melo, Larissa P de C Vendrame, Alexandre FS Mello, Antonio César Bortoletto, Nelson P Feldberg, Agnaldo DF de Carvalho, Geovani Bernando Amaro
ABSTRACT The average yield and quality of sweetpotato in Brazil are below the crop potential due to several traits that can be improved by plant breeding. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of sweet potato advanced clones with potential to be released as new cultivars, recommend cultivars with better attributes for grower's needs at the subtropical region of Brazil or to be used as parents in breeding programs. The genotypes MD1604002, MD1611010, MD1609023, MD1609024, MD1609026, and MD1610036 and cultivars Brazlândia Roxa, Beauregard, BRS Cuia, BRS Amélia, and BRS Rubissol, were evaluated during two seasons 2020/2021 and 2021/2022, in Canoinhas-SC. The experiments were conducted in complete randomized blocks design with four replications where plots were composed of three rows with 15 plants each, spaced 0.75 m apart with 0.35 m between plants. Storage roots were harvested 180 days after planting and evaluated for yield, appearance, insect damage, and shape characteristics. ‘BRS Rubissol’, the genotype MD1610036, with higher root yield, storage roots shape, appearance, and less susceptible to insect damage, and MD1609024, with a good root yield, similar or superior to cultivars Brazlândia Roxa, Beauregard, and BRS Amélia, stood out, and have potential to be cultivated in this region. ‘Brazlândia Roxa’ and genotype MD1611010 are potential sources of resistance genes to insect damage, which is one of the biggest challenges in sweetpotato production in Brazil.
{"title":"Performance of sweetpotato cultivars and elite genotypes in subtropical southern Brazil","authors":"Giovani Olegario da Silva, Raphael Augusto de C e Melo, Larissa P de C Vendrame, Alexandre FS Mello, Antonio César Bortoletto, Nelson P Feldberg, Agnaldo DF de Carvalho, Geovani Bernando Amaro","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2589","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The average yield and quality of sweetpotato in Brazil are below the crop potential due to several traits that can be improved by plant breeding. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of sweet potato advanced clones with potential to be released as new cultivars, recommend cultivars with better attributes for grower's needs at the subtropical region of Brazil or to be used as parents in breeding programs. The genotypes MD1604002, MD1611010, MD1609023, MD1609024, MD1609026, and MD1610036 and cultivars Brazlândia Roxa, Beauregard, BRS Cuia, BRS Amélia, and BRS Rubissol, were evaluated during two seasons 2020/2021 and 2021/2022, in Canoinhas-SC. The experiments were conducted in complete randomized blocks design with four replications where plots were composed of three rows with 15 plants each, spaced 0.75 m apart with 0.35 m between plants. Storage roots were harvested 180 days after planting and evaluated for yield, appearance, insect damage, and shape characteristics. ‘BRS Rubissol’, the genotype MD1610036, with higher root yield, storage roots shape, appearance, and less susceptible to insect damage, and MD1609024, with a good root yield, similar or superior to cultivars Brazlândia Roxa, Beauregard, and BRS Amélia, stood out, and have potential to be cultivated in this region. ‘Brazlândia Roxa’ and genotype MD1611010 are potential sources of resistance genes to insect damage, which is one of the biggest challenges in sweetpotato production in Brazil.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135107372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2587
Giovani O da Silva, Agnaldo DF de Carvalho, Carlos Francisco Ragassi, Arione da S Pereira, Antônio César Bortoletto, Nelson P Feldberg, Carlos Alberto Lopes, Beatriz M Emygdio
ABSTRACT This work aimed to evaluate the performance of potato genotypes for tuber yield, processing quality traits, and plant vigor, under conventional and organic crop systems. The experiments in conventional system were carried out during the springs of 2018 and 2019 in Canoinhas-SC, while both conventional and organic crop systems were performed in 2020‘s winter in Brasília-DF, Brazil. Fourteen advanced clones, five of them selected in organic system (OS), and check cultivars Atlantic (chipping), Markies, and Asterix (french fry) were evaluated. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used. Clones F63-10-13A and EP121 performed well for tuber yield in all experiments. F129-12-08 presented a good frying quality, and F63-12-04 had a tuber yield and frying quality similar to ‘Asterix‘. OD38-06 had a tuber yield similar to ‘Asterix‘ and ‘Markies‘, and frying quality similar to ‘Markies‘. In general, the clones developed in the OS had better performance in that system, however some of them also performed well in the conventional system, while some developed in conventional system also performed well in the OS, such as F63-10-13A.
{"title":"Evaluation of potato clones for agronomic and processing traits in conventional and organic crop systems","authors":"Giovani O da Silva, Agnaldo DF de Carvalho, Carlos Francisco Ragassi, Arione da S Pereira, Antônio César Bortoletto, Nelson P Feldberg, Carlos Alberto Lopes, Beatriz M Emygdio","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2587","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This work aimed to evaluate the performance of potato genotypes for tuber yield, processing quality traits, and plant vigor, under conventional and organic crop systems. The experiments in conventional system were carried out during the springs of 2018 and 2019 in Canoinhas-SC, while both conventional and organic crop systems were performed in 2020‘s winter in Brasília-DF, Brazil. Fourteen advanced clones, five of them selected in organic system (OS), and check cultivars Atlantic (chipping), Markies, and Asterix (french fry) were evaluated. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used. Clones F63-10-13A and EP121 performed well for tuber yield in all experiments. F129-12-08 presented a good frying quality, and F63-12-04 had a tuber yield and frying quality similar to ‘Asterix‘. OD38-06 had a tuber yield similar to ‘Asterix‘ and ‘Markies‘, and frying quality similar to ‘Markies‘. In general, the clones developed in the OS had better performance in that system, however some of them also performed well in the conventional system, while some developed in conventional system also performed well in the OS, such as F63-10-13A.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135105030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-20220405
A. C. G. Fernandes, N. R. Valadares, Clóvis Henrique O Rodrigues, R. A. Alves, L. L. M. Guedes, J. R. Magalhães, Rafael B da Silva, L. S. D. P. Gomes, A. M. Azevedo
ABSTRACT The improvement of sweet potato is a costly job due to the large number of characteristics to be analyzed for the selection of the best genotypes, making it necessary to adopt new technologies, such as the use of images, associated with the phenotyping process. The objective of this research was to develop a methodology for the phenotyping of the root production aiming genetic improvement of half-sib sweet potato progenies through computational analysis of images and to compare its performance to the traditional methodology of evaluation. Sixteen half-sib sweet potato families in a randomized block design with 4 replications were evaluated. At plant level, the weight per root and the total number of roots were evaluated. The images were acquired in a “studio” made of mdf with a digital camera model Canon PowerShotSX400 IS, under artificial lighting. The evaluations were carried out using the R software, where a second-degree polynomial regression model was fitted to predict the root weight (in grams) and the genetic values and expected gains were obtained. It was possible to predict the root weight at plant and plot level, obtaining high coefficients of determination between the predicted and observed weight. Computer vision allowed the prediction of root weight, maintaining the genotype ranking and consequently the similarity between the expected gains with the selection. Thus, the use of images is an efficient tool for sweet potato genetic improvement programs, assisting in the crop phenotyping process.
{"title":"Feasibility of computational vision in the genetic improvement of sweet potato root production","authors":"A. C. G. Fernandes, N. R. Valadares, Clóvis Henrique O Rodrigues, R. A. Alves, L. L. M. Guedes, J. R. Magalhães, Rafael B da Silva, L. S. D. P. Gomes, A. M. Azevedo","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-20220405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20220405","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The improvement of sweet potato is a costly job due to the large number of characteristics to be analyzed for the selection of the best genotypes, making it necessary to adopt new technologies, such as the use of images, associated with the phenotyping process. The objective of this research was to develop a methodology for the phenotyping of the root production aiming genetic improvement of half-sib sweet potato progenies through computational analysis of images and to compare its performance to the traditional methodology of evaluation. Sixteen half-sib sweet potato families in a randomized block design with 4 replications were evaluated. At plant level, the weight per root and the total number of roots were evaluated. The images were acquired in a “studio” made of mdf with a digital camera model Canon PowerShotSX400 IS, under artificial lighting. The evaluations were carried out using the R software, where a second-degree polynomial regression model was fitted to predict the root weight (in grams) and the genetic values and expected gains were obtained. It was possible to predict the root weight at plant and plot level, obtaining high coefficients of determination between the predicted and observed weight. Computer vision allowed the prediction of root weight, maintaining the genotype ranking and consequently the similarity between the expected gains with the selection. Thus, the use of images is an efficient tool for sweet potato genetic improvement programs, assisting in the crop phenotyping process.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49485880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-20220407
J. Torres, Guilherme G da Silva, H. C. D. O. Charlo, A. Loss, E. Lemes, D. M. S. Vieira
ABSTRACT The use of organomineral fertilizers (OF) in the cultivation of vegetables has been considered a promising technology to provide nutrients gradually. The OFs can reduce the phosphorous (P) soil adsorption and leaching of nitrogen and potassium with the supply of some micronutrients. This study aimed to evaluate doses of OF as a source of P and micronutrients (boron and zinc) for curly lettuce cultivation. Five OF doses were evaluated: T1 = 0% (no P2O5 fertilization); T2 = 50% (75 mg/dm3 of P2O5); T3 = 100% (150 mg/dm3 of P2O5); T4 = 150% (225 mg/dm3 of P2O5); T5 = 200% (300 mg/dm3 of P2O5) of the lettuce recommended fertilization; T6 = 100% mineral fertilizer (MF) (150 mg/dm3 of P2O5). The fresh (FM) and dry mass (DM) of the lettuce shoot (aerial part), the soil nutrient level, and the plant nutritional status at harvest were evaluated. We observed that (i) the doses of 225 and 300 mg/dm3 of P2O5 via OF provided the same availability of P in the soil as the dose of 150 mg/dm3 of P2O5 of MF; (ii) the doses of 225 and 300 mg/dm3 of P2O5 of OF provided higher levels of soil boron and zinc compared to other treatments and (iii) the MF fertilization was more efficient than that of OF in the production of curly lettuce in a protected environment.
{"title":"Lettuce crop fertilized with organomineral source of phosphorus and micronutrients","authors":"J. Torres, Guilherme G da Silva, H. C. D. O. Charlo, A. Loss, E. Lemes, D. M. S. Vieira","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-20220407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20220407","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The use of organomineral fertilizers (OF) in the cultivation of vegetables has been considered a promising technology to provide nutrients gradually. The OFs can reduce the phosphorous (P) soil adsorption and leaching of nitrogen and potassium with the supply of some micronutrients. This study aimed to evaluate doses of OF as a source of P and micronutrients (boron and zinc) for curly lettuce cultivation. Five OF doses were evaluated: T1 = 0% (no P2O5 fertilization); T2 = 50% (75 mg/dm3 of P2O5); T3 = 100% (150 mg/dm3 of P2O5); T4 = 150% (225 mg/dm3 of P2O5); T5 = 200% (300 mg/dm3 of P2O5) of the lettuce recommended fertilization; T6 = 100% mineral fertilizer (MF) (150 mg/dm3 of P2O5). The fresh (FM) and dry mass (DM) of the lettuce shoot (aerial part), the soil nutrient level, and the plant nutritional status at harvest were evaluated. We observed that (i) the doses of 225 and 300 mg/dm3 of P2O5 via OF provided the same availability of P in the soil as the dose of 150 mg/dm3 of P2O5 of MF; (ii) the doses of 225 and 300 mg/dm3 of P2O5 of OF provided higher levels of soil boron and zinc compared to other treatments and (iii) the MF fertilization was more efficient than that of OF in the production of curly lettuce in a protected environment.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46671513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-20220409
M. G. Ramírez-Aragón, E. Troyo-Diéguez, P. Preciado-Rangel, V. J. Borroel-García, Edgar M García-Carrillo, J. L. García-Hernández
ABSTRACT Chili peppers are among the most important vegetables in the world. The demand of this fruit reveals a noticeable rapid increasing, which importance is mainly due to its nutraceutical composition. These fruits are rich in capsaicinoids, phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and others, including vitamins. In this study, a comparative evaluation between two extraction methods of bioactive compounds of fourteen chili pepper cultivars was performed. Two extraction methods for antioxidants, the time-solvent and the ultrasound were evaluated. The design of the experiment was completely randomized with three repetitions where variables evaluated were total phenolic compounds, flavonoids content, antioxidant capacity and capsaicin. Results showed that the phenolic compounds oscillated between 48.7 - 634.1 mg GAE/100 g dry weight (DW), the flavonoids content varied from 1 - 97 mg QE/100 g DW, the antioxidant activity from 65 - 348 µmol Trolox/g DW and the capsaicin content oscillated from 0.3 - 922 mg/100 g DW. The extraction method with higher values of bioactive compounds for each of the chili pepper types was the ultrasound for all the measured variables.
摘要辣椒是世界上最重要的蔬菜之一。这种水果的需求呈现出明显的快速增长，其重要性主要是由于其营养成分。这些水果富含辣椒素、酚类化合物、类胡萝卜素和其他物质，包括维生素。本研究对14个辣椒品种的两种生物活性化合物提取方法进行了比较评价。对抗氧化剂的两种提取方法，时间溶剂法和超声波法进行了评价。实验设计完全随机，重复三次，评估的变量为总酚类化合物、黄酮类化合物含量、抗氧化能力和辣椒素。结果表明，酚类化合物在48.7-634.1 mg GAE/100 g干重（DW）之间波动，黄酮类化合物含量在1-97 mg QE/100 g DW之间变化，抗氧化活性在65-348µmol Trolox/g DW范围内变化，辣椒素含量在0.3-922 mg/100 g DW。每种辣椒类型的生物活性化合物值较高的提取方法是对所有测量变量进行超声波提取。
{"title":"Antioxidant profile of hot and sweet pepper cultivars by two extraction methods","authors":"M. G. Ramírez-Aragón, E. Troyo-Diéguez, P. Preciado-Rangel, V. J. Borroel-García, Edgar M García-Carrillo, J. L. García-Hernández","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-20220409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20220409","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Chili peppers are among the most important vegetables in the world. The demand of this fruit reveals a noticeable rapid increasing, which importance is mainly due to its nutraceutical composition. These fruits are rich in capsaicinoids, phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and others, including vitamins. In this study, a comparative evaluation between two extraction methods of bioactive compounds of fourteen chili pepper cultivars was performed. Two extraction methods for antioxidants, the time-solvent and the ultrasound were evaluated. The design of the experiment was completely randomized with three repetitions where variables evaluated were total phenolic compounds, flavonoids content, antioxidant capacity and capsaicin. Results showed that the phenolic compounds oscillated between 48.7 - 634.1 mg GAE/100 g dry weight (DW), the flavonoids content varied from 1 - 97 mg QE/100 g DW, the antioxidant activity from 65 - 348 µmol Trolox/g DW and the capsaicin content oscillated from 0.3 - 922 mg/100 g DW. The extraction method with higher values of bioactive compounds for each of the chili pepper types was the ultrasound for all the measured variables.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42340538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-20220412
K. B. Doncato, César SB Costa
ABSTRACT The cultivation of vascular plants in aquaculture is becoming increasingly important and saline aquaponics have been centered on plants with a short life cycle (i.e. annual species). However, the cultivation of perennial halophytes can allow to produce biomass year-round by repeated cuttings and regrowth. The present study evaluated the effects of different cutting regimes on the growth and tissue nitrogen uptake of the perennial halophyte Paspalum vaginatum and Salicornia neei cultivated in saline aquaponics. Clarified water from Litopenaeus vannamei cultivation was used as the main source of water and nutrients to grow plants established in Nutrient Film Technique (NFT). In each trial (28 days), three groups of 22 plants were established in different NFT benches and subjected to no cutting, one harvest and two harvests. Cutting regimes applied to both halophytic species did not affect the quality of recirculating water. Tillering and stem elongation of P. vaginatum had increasing trends with augment of cutting frequency. Salicornia neei cut at 28-day intervals produced a larger number of marketable size branches with less lignified shoots than non-cut plants and branchy plants cut every 14 days, which showed the smallest branch size. Individual plants of P. vaginatum and S. neei took up in their tissues between 2.27-2.45 mg/day of N and 4.59-6.43 mg/day of N, respectively. Cutting regimes did not statistically affect the accumulation of nitrogen in the biomass of either halophytic species. One harvest treatment, every 28 days, was considered the most suitable practice for aquaponics production of both halophytes.
{"title":"Effects of cutting on vegetative development and biomass quality of perennial halophytes grown in saline aquaponics","authors":"K. B. Doncato, César SB Costa","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-20220412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20220412","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The cultivation of vascular plants in aquaculture is becoming increasingly important and saline aquaponics have been centered on plants with a short life cycle (i.e. annual species). However, the cultivation of perennial halophytes can allow to produce biomass year-round by repeated cuttings and regrowth. The present study evaluated the effects of different cutting regimes on the growth and tissue nitrogen uptake of the perennial halophyte Paspalum vaginatum and Salicornia neei cultivated in saline aquaponics. Clarified water from Litopenaeus vannamei cultivation was used as the main source of water and nutrients to grow plants established in Nutrient Film Technique (NFT). In each trial (28 days), three groups of 22 plants were established in different NFT benches and subjected to no cutting, one harvest and two harvests. Cutting regimes applied to both halophytic species did not affect the quality of recirculating water. Tillering and stem elongation of P. vaginatum had increasing trends with augment of cutting frequency. Salicornia neei cut at 28-day intervals produced a larger number of marketable size branches with less lignified shoots than non-cut plants and branchy plants cut every 14 days, which showed the smallest branch size. Individual plants of P. vaginatum and S. neei took up in their tissues between 2.27-2.45 mg/day of N and 4.59-6.43 mg/day of N, respectively. Cutting regimes did not statistically affect the accumulation of nitrogen in the biomass of either halophytic species. One harvest treatment, every 28 days, was considered the most suitable practice for aquaponics production of both halophytes.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44294232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-20220411
Guilherme Q Brandt, L. F. L. Silva, Douglas Delgado de Souza, L. V. Resende, Néria S Nunes
ABSTRACT In the world the consumption of strawberries is very appreciated, both in natura or industrialized form. Brazilian production depends on the importation of strawberry seedlings from countries such as Spain, Chile and Argentina, which are cultivars improved in temperate climates and, consequently, not well adapted to the Brazilian tropical conditions. Thus, genetic breeding programs are essential for the generation of more adapted cultivars. The objective was to evaluate and characterize the performance of experimental strawberry genotypes. The statistical design adopted was in randomized blocks, with 12 treatments and 3 replications, the treatments consisting of seven experimental genotypes and five commercial cultivars. We evaluated the total production per plant (g/plant), average weight of fruits per plant (g/fruit), % of commercial fruits per plant, and morphological characterization. The experimental genotypes MFA443, MCA94, MDA23, MDA06 and MCA89 showed the highest strawberry yields per plant, respectively, 285 g, 254 g, 298 g, 295 g and 290 g, with emphasis on the genotype MFA12-443, which also presented the highest average weight of fruits (20.35 g) and percentage of commercial fruits (81%).
{"title":"Productivity and analysis of morphological characters of experimental strawberry genotypes","authors":"Guilherme Q Brandt, L. F. L. Silva, Douglas Delgado de Souza, L. V. Resende, Néria S Nunes","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-20220411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20220411","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the world the consumption of strawberries is very appreciated, both in natura or industrialized form. Brazilian production depends on the importation of strawberry seedlings from countries such as Spain, Chile and Argentina, which are cultivars improved in temperate climates and, consequently, not well adapted to the Brazilian tropical conditions. Thus, genetic breeding programs are essential for the generation of more adapted cultivars. The objective was to evaluate and characterize the performance of experimental strawberry genotypes. The statistical design adopted was in randomized blocks, with 12 treatments and 3 replications, the treatments consisting of seven experimental genotypes and five commercial cultivars. We evaluated the total production per plant (g/plant), average weight of fruits per plant (g/fruit), % of commercial fruits per plant, and morphological characterization. The experimental genotypes MFA443, MCA94, MDA23, MDA06 and MCA89 showed the highest strawberry yields per plant, respectively, 285 g, 254 g, 298 g, 295 g and 290 g, with emphasis on the genotype MFA12-443, which also presented the highest average weight of fruits (20.35 g) and percentage of commercial fruits (81%).","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45308279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-20220403
Fernanda EA Bastos, Silas B Ribeiro, André Felipe Borba, L. T. Campos, Diego Fincatto, C. D. Bertoli
ABSTRACT Organic fertilization favors the physical and chemical attributes improvement of the soil and promotes the use of waste that would be discarded in the environment. This study aimed to identify the appropriate levels of rabbit manure compost (RMC) from rabbit farming in the production of substrates for lettuce. The experiment was implanted in plastic pots using 5 treatments: 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of RMC mixed with commercial substrate, in a completely randomized design with 10 replications. The analyzed variables were number of leaves per plant, shoot green matter, root green matter, shoot dry matter and root dry matter. There was an increase in number of leaves with the increase of the RMC doses incorporated into the substrate, up to the dose of 59.46%. The shoot green matter had its best response on 61.42% of RMC. In both variables there was a decline afterwards. The root green matter started with an increase up to the dose of 36.14% of RMC, followed by a decline, and another increase, not reaching the same values obtained at the beginning of the curve. An increase was observed in the shoot dry matter as the amount of RMC increased, up to the limit of 45.09%, and then declined. The root green matter showed an increase until approximately 25% of RMC, stabilizing on 75% of the compost. In general, values close to 60% of RMC mixed with the substrate presented the best results. We can conclude that the RMC can be used to promote a greater number of leaves, which are the economically viable parts of lettuce culture.
{"title":"Use of rabbit manure in lettuce culture: an alternative option","authors":"Fernanda EA Bastos, Silas B Ribeiro, André Felipe Borba, L. T. Campos, Diego Fincatto, C. D. Bertoli","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-20220403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20220403","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Organic fertilization favors the physical and chemical attributes improvement of the soil and promotes the use of waste that would be discarded in the environment. This study aimed to identify the appropriate levels of rabbit manure compost (RMC) from rabbit farming in the production of substrates for lettuce. The experiment was implanted in plastic pots using 5 treatments: 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of RMC mixed with commercial substrate, in a completely randomized design with 10 replications. The analyzed variables were number of leaves per plant, shoot green matter, root green matter, shoot dry matter and root dry matter. There was an increase in number of leaves with the increase of the RMC doses incorporated into the substrate, up to the dose of 59.46%. The shoot green matter had its best response on 61.42% of RMC. In both variables there was a decline afterwards. The root green matter started with an increase up to the dose of 36.14% of RMC, followed by a decline, and another increase, not reaching the same values obtained at the beginning of the curve. An increase was observed in the shoot dry matter as the amount of RMC increased, up to the limit of 45.09%, and then declined. The root green matter showed an increase until approximately 25% of RMC, stabilizing on 75% of the compost. In general, values close to 60% of RMC mixed with the substrate presented the best results. We can conclude that the RMC can be used to promote a greater number of leaves, which are the economically viable parts of lettuce culture.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43100365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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