RESUMEN En el interés por comprender el funcionamiento psíquico de la víctima reincidente, se realiza un análisis de contenido de las experticias realizadas a todas las víctimas reincidentes adultas atendidas durante Agosto y Septiembre de 2017 en el Servicio Nacional de Medicina y Ciencias Forenses Mérida. Se entiende por victima reincidente personas que han sido víctimas del mismo hecho punible más de una vez, denunciado o no, por el mismo agresor u otro. Se encuentra que en el 66.7% de los casos la agresión proviene de una pareja o expareja. El 100% de los casos refieren violencia verbal. Se encuentra actitud pasiva cuando la violencia es ejercida por la pareja o expareja, así como tendencia a la agresión física asociada al agresor antes mencionado. Se hipotetizan dificultades en el manejo de apegos y límites en las víctimas reincidentes y se invita a profundizar la investigación cualitativa a fin de alcanzar una comprensión explicativa del objeto de estudio. Palabras claves: victima reincidente, apego, análisis de contenido.
{"title":"Approaches to psychic performance and responsibility of Reincidivist victim. Content analysis","authors":"Tahirí Rojas","doi":"10.31579/2637-8914/065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8914/065","url":null,"abstract":"RESUMEN En el interés por comprender el funcionamiento psíquico de la víctima reincidente, se realiza un análisis de contenido de las experticias realizadas a todas las víctimas reincidentes adultas atendidas durante Agosto y Septiembre de 2017 en el Servicio Nacional de Medicina y Ciencias Forenses Mérida. Se entiende por victima reincidente personas que han sido víctimas del mismo hecho punible más de una vez, denunciado o no, por el mismo agresor u otro. Se encuentra que en el 66.7% de los casos la agresión proviene de una pareja o expareja. El 100% de los casos refieren violencia verbal. Se encuentra actitud pasiva cuando la violencia es ejercida por la pareja o expareja, así como tendencia a la agresión física asociada al agresor antes mencionado. Se hipotetizan dificultades en el manejo de apegos y límites en las víctimas reincidentes y se invita a profundizar la investigación cualitativa a fin de alcanzar una comprensión explicativa del objeto de estudio. Palabras claves: victima reincidente, apego, análisis de contenido.","PeriodicalId":92947,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and mental health care : open access","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45192307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The objectives of the study were twofold: i) to assess whether depression independently predicts four quality of life (QOL) domains in CVD patients; and ii) whether depression interacts with self-efficacy and perceived social support to predict QOL domains among cardiovascular diseases (CVD) patients. Methods: Participants were 174 CVD patients taken from three major government sector hospitals of Lahore who were assessed on self-report measures of depression, self-efficacy, social support and QOL. Results: It was found that depression was a significant negative predictor of all four QOL domains among CVD patients. Furthermore, results from regression analysis demonstrated that depression significantly interacted with self-efficacy to predict physical and environmental QOL. Additionally, depression interacted with social support to physical and social QOL. Specially, depression was a stronger negative predictor of QOL domains at lower levels of self-efficacy and social support while it was a poor predictor at higher levels of self-efficacy and support. Conclusion: It was concluded that social support and self-efficacy act as buffering factors against devastating effects of depression on QOL among CVD patients.
{"title":"Depression Differentially Predicts Quality of Life at levels of Self-Efficacy and Social Support in Cardiovascular Patients","authors":"Shameem Fatima","doi":"10.31579/2637-8892/063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/063","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objectives of the study were twofold: i) to assess whether depression independently predicts four quality of life (QOL) domains in CVD patients; and ii) whether depression interacts with self-efficacy and perceived social support to predict QOL domains among cardiovascular diseases (CVD) patients. Methods: Participants were 174 CVD patients taken from three major government sector hospitals of Lahore who were assessed on self-report measures of depression, self-efficacy, social support and QOL. Results: It was found that depression was a significant negative predictor of all four QOL domains among CVD patients. Furthermore, results from regression analysis demonstrated that depression significantly interacted with self-efficacy to predict physical and environmental QOL. Additionally, depression interacted with social support to physical and social QOL. Specially, depression was a stronger negative predictor of QOL domains at lower levels of self-efficacy and social support while it was a poor predictor at higher levels of self-efficacy and support. Conclusion: It was concluded that social support and self-efficacy act as buffering factors against devastating effects of depression on QOL among CVD patients.","PeriodicalId":92947,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and mental health care : open access","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46269381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
María José Distéfano, Lucas P. Labandeira, Fernando M. Tarnogol, B. Mesurado
The current study was performed to assess the phenomenon known as Presence, to measure Anxiety responses, simulator sickness and autonomic activation in subjects of the general population. The sample consisted in 37 Argentine participants (15 male, 22 female) between ages 20 and 40; who were exposed to 3 virtual environments designed to research and treat phobias. Instruments utilized for this study were the Symptom Checklist 90-R, Acrophobia Questionnaire, Fear of Spiders Questionnaire, The Claustrophobia Questionnaire, Igroup Presence Questionnaire, Simulator Sickness Questionnaire and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. All virtual environments generated sufficient feeling of presence. Cybersickness was only registered in the Elevator scenario. The Apartment and Spiders environments have shown not to be anxiety triggers within this population. As for Elevator, a significant increase in the level of state anxiety was generated. A possible hypothesis to account for this fact might be that reported anxiety responds to movement simulated in the virtual scenario while on the other two scenarios the subjects remained static. The existence of a correlation between HRV and state anxiety has been analyzed and no significant relation has been found between the variables. Even though there is a relation between anxiety and presence, no significant relation has been found between anxiety and presence. Regarding sensory conflict, a follow up study in the Elevator environment should be done, eliminating movement and exposing subjects to the stimuli while static at different heights. Future studies should consider broadening the size of the sample and studying clinical population to compare results.
{"title":"Presence, Cybersickness, Anxiety, and Heart Rate Variability in a Non-Clinical Population Using Virtual Reality Environments Designed For Specific Phobias' Treatment","authors":"María José Distéfano, Lucas P. Labandeira, Fernando M. Tarnogol, B. Mesurado","doi":"10.31579/2637-8892/069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/069","url":null,"abstract":"The current study was performed to assess the phenomenon known as Presence, to measure Anxiety responses, simulator sickness and autonomic activation in subjects of the general population. The sample consisted in 37 Argentine participants (15 male, 22 female) between ages 20 and 40; who were exposed to 3 virtual environments designed to research and treat phobias. Instruments utilized for this study were the Symptom Checklist 90-R, Acrophobia Questionnaire, Fear of Spiders Questionnaire, The Claustrophobia Questionnaire, Igroup Presence Questionnaire, Simulator Sickness Questionnaire and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. All virtual environments generated sufficient feeling of presence. Cybersickness was only registered in the Elevator scenario. The Apartment and Spiders environments have shown not to be anxiety triggers within this population. As for Elevator, a significant increase in the level of state anxiety was generated. A possible hypothesis to account for this fact might be that reported anxiety responds to movement simulated in the virtual scenario while on the other two scenarios the subjects remained static. The existence of a correlation between HRV and state anxiety has been analyzed and no significant relation has been found between the variables. Even though there is a relation between anxiety and presence, no significant relation has been found between anxiety and presence. Regarding sensory conflict, a follow up study in the Elevator environment should be done, eliminating movement and exposing subjects to the stimuli while static at different heights. Future studies should consider broadening the size of the sample and studying clinical population to compare results.","PeriodicalId":92947,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and mental health care : open access","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48426418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Identity acts as a nucleus to the subject's references, their memories, their choices of life, to the construction of their history. Identity is, therefore, a minimal cellular basis from which life develops in its poetics of creation. The construction of identity thus has potential for the development of a critique, the establishment of a grammar of rules and conditions, for standing before the world. The path towards emancipation implies in exercising an external look at one's identity, the inherent existing narrative, to discover the paradigm of the minimum base from which one's life develops. With the increasing complexity of the postcolonial world, no straight or easy answer is at hand. The effort should draw towards the construction of conceptual tools that can enable reflection and critique. The humanities education, is one possible tool towards autonomy and emancipation once it encourages knowledge, construction and appraisal. The reflections brought to light through this work intends to fertilize the discussions about identity construction in the Brazilian present day context, characterized by a discourse that foster ruptures and decreases the possibilities of one’s identity. For this purpose, the current challenge of emancipation, will be developed through 6 analytical semantic dimensions which express the diversity and complexity of the actual scenario: Understanding identity, (CIAMPA, 1987; RICOEUR, 1990), as the synthetic goal of existence has the dynamism to give new possibilities to the frontier-men (HARTOG, 2004; LEVINÁS, 1972), whose challenge is the gain of consciousness of one’s own movement in the world. Marked by perversity (HONNETH, 2003) the present world enforces political, social, motivational, and subjective domination (CASTORIADIS, 1987). This scenario compels the frontier-men towards an emptied signifier alienating his possibilities of recognition. The search for emancipation (HABERMAS, 1983) asks for a critical look at the current formation of people's strategic thinking.
{"title":"Autonomy and Emancipation: The Challenge of Identity Construction","authors":"Mariana Malvezzi, Tassara Tassara","doi":"10.31579/2637-8892/051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/051","url":null,"abstract":"Identity acts as a nucleus to the subject's references, their memories, their choices of life, to the construction of their history. Identity is, therefore, a minimal cellular basis from which life develops in its poetics of creation. The construction of identity thus has potential for the development of a critique, the establishment of a grammar of rules and conditions, for standing before the world. The path towards emancipation implies in exercising an external look at one's identity, the inherent existing narrative, to discover the paradigm of the minimum base from which one's life develops. With the increasing complexity of the postcolonial world, no straight or easy answer is at hand. The effort should draw towards the construction of conceptual tools that can enable reflection and critique. The humanities education, is one possible tool towards autonomy and emancipation once it encourages knowledge, construction and appraisal. The reflections brought to light through this work intends to fertilize the discussions about identity construction in the Brazilian present day context, characterized by a discourse that foster ruptures and decreases the possibilities of one’s identity. For this purpose, the current challenge of emancipation, will be developed through 6 analytical semantic dimensions which express the diversity and complexity of the actual scenario: Understanding identity, (CIAMPA, 1987; RICOEUR, 1990), as the synthetic goal of existence has the dynamism to give new possibilities to the frontier-men (HARTOG, 2004; LEVINÁS, 1972), whose challenge is the gain of consciousness of one’s own movement in the world. Marked by perversity (HONNETH, 2003) the present world enforces political, social, motivational, and subjective domination (CASTORIADIS, 1987). This scenario compels the frontier-men towards an emptied signifier alienating his possibilities of recognition. The search for emancipation (HABERMAS, 1983) asks for a critical look at the current formation of people's strategic thinking.","PeriodicalId":92947,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and mental health care : open access","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44260945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: This research brief reports results from an exploratory pilot study on the use of socially acceptable touch in a public setting that accompanies a request to improve program compliance with “street level” crack cocaine users. Methods: Study participants consisted of 120 crack cocaine-using participants in a larger community-based HIV/STD prevention and research program targeting at-risk African-Americans. They were required to return for a series of four booster health education sessions over 2–5 days and 6 month and 1 year follow-up assessments. The most difficult aspect of this program was no-shows for the second booster session; study participants who attended at least two sessions were much more likely to attend all sessions and complete the entire lengthy program. The program director randomly approached some participants after the first visit in a public setting and briefly touched them as part of a handshake; then, the director asked them to return for their follow-up sessions. Whether they were approached or not was random. Analysis comprised descriptive and non-parametric statistics. Results: Ninety-three percent of participants who were asked to return and were touched returned for the second session; only 75% returned who had been asked to do so but were not touched. A statistically significant difference favored being touched and complying, as measured by second-session returning participants (p < .01), though it appeared the touch / request had more of a preventive than a promotional effect. Extraneous demographic and background factors were ruled out with the exception of age (older participants), which contributed slightly. Conclusions: Results suggest that a request “anchored” to a socially acceptable public touch is promising in terms of improving program participation and engagement. Limitations and implications for future research are discussed.
{"title":"Tactile Contact as a Marketing Tool for Improving an HIV/STD Education Program’s Compliance / Retention with Crack Cocaine Users","authors":"R. J. Johnson","doi":"10.31579/2637-8892/067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/067","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This research brief reports results from an exploratory pilot study on the use of socially acceptable touch in a public setting that accompanies a request to improve program compliance with “street level” crack cocaine users. Methods: Study participants consisted of 120 crack cocaine-using participants in a larger community-based HIV/STD prevention and research program targeting at-risk African-Americans. They were required to return for a series of four booster health education sessions over 2–5 days and 6 month and 1 year follow-up assessments. The most difficult aspect of this program was no-shows for the second booster session; study participants who attended at least two sessions were much more likely to attend all sessions and complete the entire lengthy program. The program director randomly approached some participants after the first visit in a public setting and briefly touched them as part of a handshake; then, the director asked them to return for their follow-up sessions. Whether they were approached or not was random. Analysis comprised descriptive and non-parametric statistics. Results: Ninety-three percent of participants who were asked to return and were touched returned for the second session; only 75% returned who had been asked to do so but were not touched. A statistically significant difference favored being touched and complying, as measured by second-session returning participants (p < .01), though it appeared the touch / request had more of a preventive than a promotional effect. Extraneous demographic and background factors were ruled out with the exception of age (older participants), which contributed slightly. Conclusions: Results suggest that a request “anchored” to a socially acceptable public touch is promising in terms of improving program participation and engagement. Limitations and implications for future research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":92947,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and mental health care : open access","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70017569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this research we will be discuss the impact of television advertisement on the children with the latest advent of technology and mobile phone. To attract children toward the product it is necessary that the advertisement should contain such facets that are according to their age, thinking and interest. When children see the advertisement according to their interest, they ensure that their parents are influenced to purchase that product. It affects the eating habits of children when they pursue their parents to purchase such products advertised by leading companies. There is very close relationship between advertisement, eating habits of children and buying behavior of their parents. The study was conducted in Nagpur and data was collected from children of various classes of different schools situated in Nagpur.
{"title":"To Study the Influence of Advertisement of Food Items on Eating Habit of Children","authors":"S. Datta","doi":"10.31579/2637-8892/066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/066","url":null,"abstract":"In this research we will be discuss the impact of television advertisement on the children with the latest advent of technology and mobile phone. To attract children toward the product it is necessary that the advertisement should contain such facets that are according to their age, thinking and interest. When children see the advertisement according to their interest, they ensure that their parents are influenced to purchase that product. It affects the eating habits of children when they pursue their parents to purchase such products advertised by leading companies. There is very close relationship between advertisement, eating habits of children and buying behavior of their parents. The study was conducted in Nagpur and data was collected from children of various classes of different schools situated in Nagpur.","PeriodicalId":92947,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and mental health care : open access","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42311213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: This research brief reports results from an exploratory pilot study on the use of socially acceptable touch in a public setting that accompanies a request to improve program compliance with "street level" crack cocaine users.
Methods: Study participants consisted of 120 crack cocaine-using participants in a larger community-based HIV/STD prevention and research program targeting at-risk African-Americans. They were required to return for a series of four booster health education sessions over 2-5 days and 6 month and 1 year follow-up assessments. The most difficult aspect of this program was no-shows for the second booster session; study participants who attended at least two sessions were much more likely to attend all sessions and complete the entire lengthy program. The program director randomly approached some participants after the first visit in a public setting and briefly touched them as part of a handshake; then, the director asked them to return for their follow-up sessions. Whether they were approached or not was random. Analysis comprised descriptive and non-parametric statistics.
Results: Ninety-three percent of participants who were asked to return and were touched returned for the second session; only 75% returned who had been asked to do so but were not touched. A statistically significant difference favored being touched and complying, as measured by second-session returning participants (p < .01), though it appeared the touch / request had more of a preventive than a promotional effect. Extraneous demographic and background factors were ruled out with the exception of age (older participants), which contributed slightly.
Conclusions: Results suggest that a request "anchored" to a socially acceptable public touch is promising in terms of improving program participation and engagement. Limitations and implications for future research are discussed.
{"title":"Tactile Contact as a Marketing Tool for Improving an HIV/STD Education Program's Compliance / Retention with Crack Cocaine Users.","authors":"Ralph Jay Johnson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This research brief reports results from an exploratory pilot study on the use of socially acceptable touch in a public setting that accompanies a request to improve program compliance with \"street level\" crack cocaine users.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Study participants consisted of 120 crack cocaine-using participants in a larger community-based HIV/STD prevention and research program targeting at-risk African-Americans. They were required to return for a series of four booster health education sessions over 2-5 days and 6 month and 1 year follow-up assessments. The most difficult aspect of this program was no-shows for the second booster session; study participants who attended at least two sessions were much more likely to attend all sessions and complete the entire lengthy program. The program director randomly approached some participants after the first visit in a public setting and briefly touched them as part of a handshake; then, the director asked them to return for their follow-up sessions. Whether they were approached or not was random. Analysis comprised descriptive and non-parametric statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-three percent of participants who were asked to return and were touched returned for the second session; only 75% returned who had been asked to do so but were not touched. A statistically significant difference favored being touched and complying, as measured by second-session returning participants (p < .01), though it appeared the touch / request had more of a preventive than a promotional effect. Extraneous demographic and background factors were ruled out with the exception of age (older participants), which contributed slightly.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results suggest that a request \"anchored\" to a socially acceptable public touch is promising in terms of improving program participation and engagement. Limitations and implications for future research are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":92947,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and mental health care : open access","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7059775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37717277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The brain of an infant may be the blank tablet envisaged by Locke, but as it is shaped by both experience and language it develops into the mind of an adult. As the character of the ma-turing individual becomes defined, the mind shapes experiences decreasingly according to immediate stimuli themselves and increasingly according to linguistic interpretations of and emo-tional reactions to perceptions.
{"title":"The Cognition of Schema","authors":"James F. Welles","doi":"10.31579/2637-8892/046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/046","url":null,"abstract":"The brain of an infant may be the blank tablet envisaged by Locke, but as it is shaped by both experience and language it develops into the mind of an adult. As the character of the ma-turing individual becomes defined, the mind shapes experiences decreasingly according to immediate stimuli themselves and increasingly according to linguistic interpretations of and emo-tional reactions to perceptions.","PeriodicalId":92947,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and mental health care : open access","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45275816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There are increasing worries in many countries worldwide especially in Cameroon as concern the abusive consumption of tramadol and its addictive effects. Experiences within the family have a major influence on the wellbeing of its members, be it child, adolescent or adult. This is what spurred us to question other factors which have harmful effects on those abusing tramadol. This article aims to find how adolescents who have the necessary requirements for an adapted development seek satisfaction in abusive tramadol consumption. The objective was to understand the meaning adolescents who abusively consumes tramadol associate to their family life experiences and also bring out practical information on how adolescent’s emotional needs are met. We conducted a clinical study on three adolescents who abusively consume tramadol at the Psychiatric unit of Jamot Hospital Yaounde. Data was collected using semi- structured interview guide. Data collected was analyzed using thematic content and sequential analysis. The results were interpreted mainly based on the attachment theory which has shown that family life experiences are the association and negative interpretations of events experienced by these adolescents. These experiences have engendered a lacking state which the adolescents try to overcome by abusively consuming tramadol. Finding also indicated that family life experiences lead to the difficulties in managing negative counter-transference reactions which interferes with their ability to provide secured based. Perspectives for this research highlighted the lack of research exploring the rate of tramadol abusive consumption in the rural area and the end comparing their prevalence rates.
{"title":"Family Life Experiences and the Abusive Consumption of Tramadol by Adolescents","authors":"N. Mireille, Longchi Gladys Nahlela","doi":"10.31579/2637-8892/061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/061","url":null,"abstract":"There are increasing worries in many countries worldwide especially in Cameroon as concern the abusive consumption of tramadol and its addictive effects. Experiences within the family have a major influence on the wellbeing of its members, be it child, adolescent or adult. This is what spurred us to question other factors which have harmful effects on those abusing tramadol. This article aims to find how adolescents who have the necessary requirements for an adapted development seek satisfaction in abusive tramadol consumption. The objective was to understand the meaning adolescents who abusively consumes tramadol associate to their family life experiences and also bring out practical information on how adolescent’s emotional needs are met. We conducted a clinical study on three adolescents who abusively consume tramadol at the Psychiatric unit of Jamot Hospital Yaounde. Data was collected using semi- structured interview guide. Data collected was analyzed using thematic content and sequential analysis. The results were interpreted mainly based on the attachment theory which has shown that family life experiences are the association and negative interpretations of events experienced by these adolescents. These experiences have engendered a lacking state which the adolescents try to overcome by abusively consuming tramadol. Finding also indicated that family life experiences lead to the difficulties in managing negative counter-transference reactions which interferes with their ability to provide secured based. Perspectives for this research highlighted the lack of research exploring the rate of tramadol abusive consumption in the rural area and the end comparing their prevalence rates.","PeriodicalId":92947,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and mental health care : open access","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48633690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Raza, Amna Noureen, Zarnab G. Bhatti, Haziq Mehmood
Stress is a common predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating factor of psychological and physical illnesses. Various studies have shown a beneficial role of having a meaning in life with regards to stress. There are no local studies available that have studied the correlation between the two constructs of perceived stress and meaning in life, in the Pakistani population. Therefore this study aims to determine correlation between scores of MIL scale and scores of Stress, in undergraduate students. A total of 254 undergraduate students were selected as respondents in the study. They were assessed for perceived stress and meaning in life using Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and the Purpose in Life Scale (PIL) respectively. It was a cross sectional study, demographic and clinical variables were collected via a Performa. On average females scored higher (M = 2.20, SD = 0.70) than males (M = 1.78, SD = 0.52,) on perceived stress. While males scored (M = 3.57, SD = 0.55) significantly t (244) = 4.69, p <.05) higher on purpose in life questionnaire as compared to females (M = 3.21, SD = 0.69). Correlation coefficient was found to -0.52 representing a significant negative correlation between the two variables. R2 came out to be 0.27 signifying that 27 % of the variance in perceived stress is accounted by meaning in life. There is a strong correlation between meaning in life and perceived stress. Further it was also found that female gender was more vulnerable to stress and less likely to score high on meaning in life. Conversely male gender was more likely to score higher on meaning in life and lower on perceived stress.
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