In-hospital outcomes of patients undergoing emergent surgical treatment in patients with infective endocarditis.

Background: Infective endocarditis is a serious heart disease that may cause several different clinical conditions and can need urgent surgical therapy. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the patients with infective endocarditis undergoing acute surgical treatment results in-hospital mortality.

Methods: A total of 107 consecutive patients with infective endocarditis undergoing acute surgical therapy were included in our retrospective study. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of in-hospital mortality as Group 1 without in-hospital mortality (n=89) and Group 2 with in-hospital mortality (n=18). The demographic, laboratory, and clinical parameters were evaluated in both groups.

Results: The mean age (50±14; 64±14, P<0.001) and the incidence of chronic renal failure (9 [10.1%]; 8 [44.4%], P=0.001) were higher in Group 2 while the ejection fraction was lower in Group 2 (50.0±9.3; 44.6±12.9, P=0.039). The incidence of positive blood culture was also higher in Group 2 (41 [46.1]; 14 [77.8], P=0.014). Aortic bioprosthesis operation (2 [2.2]; 6 [33.3], P<0.001) and mitral bioprosthesis operation (4 [4.5]; 5 [27.8], P=0.008) were higher in Group 2 as well as the incidence of septic shock was also higher in Group 2 (1 [1.1]; 3 [16.7], P=0.015). In addition, in multivariate logistic regression analyses, advanced age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.068, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.009-1.130, P: 0.024) and positive blood culture (OR: 4.436, 95% CI: 1.044-18.848, P: 0.044) were found to be independent predictors of in-hospital mortality.

Conclusion: Advanced age, lower ejection fraction, high creatinine, positive blood culture, high systolic pulmonary artery pressure, and septic shock predicted in-hospital death in patients who have undergone emergent or urgent surgery due to infective endocarditis.