Female pattern hair loss and polycystic ovarian syndrome: more than just hirsutism.

Purpose of review: To explore the recent updates in the diagnosis, management, and clinical implications of androgenic alopecia among patients diagnosed with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).

Recent findings: PCOS diagnosis continues to be the most common cause of infertility among reproductively aged women, serving as the most common endocrinopathy among this population. Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) has been seen to be associated and more common among patients with PCOS, however, there are limited studies examining the impact of FPHL among PCOS patients. Although hyperandrogenism is associated with FPHL, the pathophysiology continues to be unclear as FPHL can be present with normal biochemical androgen markers. Treatment can be complex, as common treatments to promote hair growth can exacerbate undesired hirsutism, which can be overcome by cosmetic treatments. New second-line treatment options such as low level laser therapy and platelet rich plasma have been emerging, with limited data supporting efficacy.

Summary: PCOS is a complex endocrinological disorder that has significant gynecologic, cutaneous, and metabolic implications that require multidisciplinary collaboration and care. Reproductive goals should be thoroughly discussed prior to starting any treatment, as PCOS is the most common cause of infertility among reproductively-aged women.