Glutathione, Orthomolecular Medicine, and Nutraceutical Therapy.

It was more than 70 years ago that Linus Pauling identified sickle cell anemia as a molecular disease associated with alteration in oxygen metabolism in the red blood cell due to the monogenetic substitution of a single amino acid in hemoglobin. It's been 50 years since he first wrote about the concept of Orthomolecular Medicine, which focuses on adjusting the physiological levels of molecules with nutrient-derived precursors (now termed nutraceuticals) to promote optimal health. We now see these concepts being applied in the nutraceutical management of sickle cell anemia using glutamate as a precursor of glutathione and other conditions associated with oxidative stress.