真菌的趋化性和细胞-细胞融合。

IF 8 1区 生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2022-03-16 DOI:10.1128/mmbr.00165-21
Manuella R Clark-Cotton, Katherine C Jacobs, Daniel J Lew
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引用次数: 6

摘要

真菌表现出多种多样的形态,包括酵母菌落、菌丝和精致的子实体。这种多样性是通过极性生长、细胞分裂和细胞融合的结合而产生的。由于真菌细胞是不运动的,并且被保护细胞壁所包围,这对细胞的完整性至关重要,因此潜在的融合伙伴必须彼此生长,直到它们接触并降解中间的细胞壁,而不影响细胞的完整性。在这里,我们回顾了真菌如何克服这些挑战的最新进展。细胞外化学引诱剂,包括小肽信息素,介导潜在融合伙伴之间的通信,促进核心细胞极性调节因子的局部激活,以定向极性生长和细胞壁降解。然而,在拥挤的环境中,信息素的梯度可能是复杂的,并且可能令人困惑,这就提出了细胞如何有效地找到它们的伴侣的问题。最近的研究表明,细胞极性电路表现出搜索行为,可以通过一种非常灵活和有效的策略来响应信息素的提示,这种策略被称为探索性极化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Chemotropism and Cell-Cell Fusion in Fungi.

Fungi exhibit an enormous variety of morphologies, including yeast colonies, hyphal mycelia, and elaborate fruiting bodies. This diversity arises through a combination of polar growth, cell division, and cell fusion. Because fungal cells are nonmotile and surrounded by a protective cell wall that is essential for cell integrity, potential fusion partners must grow toward each other until they touch and then degrade the intervening cell walls without impacting cell integrity. Here, we review recent progress on understanding how fungi overcome these challenges. Extracellular chemoattractants, including small peptide pheromones, mediate communication between potential fusion partners, promoting the local activation of core cell polarity regulators to orient polar growth and cell wall degradation. However, in crowded environments, pheromone gradients can be complex and potentially confusing, raising the question of how cells can effectively find their partners. Recent findings suggest that the cell polarity circuit exhibits searching behavior that can respond to pheromone cues through a remarkably flexible and effective strategy called exploratory polarization.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
18.80
自引率
0.80%
发文量
27
期刊介绍: Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews (MMBR), a journal that explores the significance and interrelationships of recent discoveries in various microbiology fields, publishes review articles that help both specialists and nonspecialists understand and apply the latest findings in their own research. MMBR covers a wide range of topics in microbiology, including microbial ecology, evolution, parasitology, biotechnology, and immunology. The journal caters to scientists with diverse interests in all areas of microbial science and encompasses viruses, bacteria, archaea, fungi, unicellular eukaryotes, and microbial parasites. MMBR primarily publishes authoritative and critical reviews that push the boundaries of knowledge, appealing to both specialists and generalists. The journal often includes descriptive figures and tables to enhance understanding. Indexed/Abstracted in various databases such as Agricola, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Cambridge Scientific Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Service, Current Contents- Life Sciences, EMBASE, Food Science and Technology Abstracts, Illustrata, MEDLINE, Science Citation Index Expanded (Web of Science), Summon, and Scopus, among others.
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