细胞外囊泡的分离纯化及其在肿瘤诊断中的评价。

IF 4.5 2区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Pub Date : 2022-10-21 DOI:10.1017/erm.2022.34
Keywan Mortezaee, Jamal Majidpoor, Fardin Fathi
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引用次数: 3

摘要

在癌症的早期检测中,非侵入性生物标志物的发现是迫切需要的。细胞外囊泡(EVs)由于其独特的生物学特征和非侵入性,引起了科学界越来越多的关注,并正在进行深入的研究。EVs是膜封闭的囊泡,具有不同的大小和功能。这些囊泡从多种细胞类型中积极分泌,被认为是细胞间通信和信号传导的关键载体。电动汽车的稳定性和跨越生物屏障的潜力使其能够对靶细胞产生持久的作用。这些优点加上易于接近这些囊泡,在肿瘤发生的所有阶段从肿瘤中持续分泌,其内容提供了分子储存库,并反映了起源细胞的身份,这些优点使得电动汽车在液体活检方法中具有吸引力,并被用作癌症诊断和治疗以及监测靶向癌症治疗的生物标志物资源。早期发现电动汽车将指导及时安排的个性化治疗。寻找可靠、灵敏的方法从生物体液中快速分离出ev,分离出的囊泡的纯度及其分子谱和标记物规范用于癌症患者的临床转化是该领域的问题,也是近年来许多研究的热点。在此,重点介绍EV分离和分层方法,以挖掘更多基于液体活检的诊断信息。扩展关于基于ev的策略的知识是验证早期癌症诊断的独立患者随访和检查治疗效果的关键。
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Extracellular vesicle isolation, purification and evaluation in cancer diagnosis.

Strategies for non-invasive biomarker discovery in early detection of cancer are an urgent need. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have generated increasing attention from the scientific community and are under intensive investigations due to their unique biological profiles and their non-invasive nature. EVs are membrane-enclosed vesicles with variable sizes and function. Such vesicles are actively secreted from multiple cell types and are considered as key vehicles for inter-cellular communications and signalling. The stability and potential to easily cross biological barriers enable EVs for exerting durable effects on target cells. These along with easy access to such vesicles, the consistent secretion from tumour during all stages of tumorigenesis and their content providing a reservoir of molecules as well as mirroring the identity of the cell of origin are virtues that have made EVs appealing to be assessed in liquid biopsy approaches and for using as a promising resource of biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and therapy and monitoring targeted cancer therapy. Early detection of EVs will guide time-scheduled personalised therapy. Surveying reliable and sensitive methods for rapid isolation of EVs from biofluids, the purity of isolated vesicles and their molecular profiling and marker specification for clinical translation in patients with cancer are issues in the area and the hot topics of many recent studies. Here, the focus is over methods for EV isolation and stratification for digging more information about liquid biopsy-based diagnosis. Extending knowledge regarding EV-based strategies is a key to validate independent patient follow-up for cancer diagnosis at early stages and inspecting the efficacy of therapeutics.

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来源期刊
Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine
Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY-MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
1.60%
发文量
45
期刊介绍: Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine is an innovative online journal featuring authoritative and timely Reviews covering gene therapy, immunotherapeutics, drug design, vaccines, genetic testing, pathogenesis, microbiology, genomics, molecular epidemiology and diagnostic techniques. We especially welcome reviews on translational aspects of molecular medicine, particularly those related to the application of new understanding of the molecular basis of disease to experimental medicine and clinical practice.
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