劳动结构、工资与经济增长效率

Zaijin Lin, He Chen
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摘要

中国正面临着低端劳动力人口老龄化和中高端劳动力绝对数量日益增加的两大结构性转变。通过比较不同劳动力对经济增长效率和工资的不同影响,本文发现劳动力结构的转移影响了劳动力市场的工资结构,即在劳动力市场中,低端劳动力的谈判能力已经超过高端劳动力;同时,本文也证明了大多数学者都支持中高端劳动力投资比低端劳动力投资更能提高经济增长效率。可以得出结论,在中国,随着产业结构的调整,中高端劳动力绝对数量的不断上升,在一定程度上可以弥补低端劳动力老龄化带来的经济增长效率损失。
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Labor Structure, Wage and Efficiency of Economic Growth
China is faced with the two big structural shifts, which are the aging of low-end labor population and the increase of the absolute number of middle and high-end labor day by day. Through the comparison of different influences that different labor have on the efficiency of economic growth and salary, this paper finds that the shift of the labor structure has affected the wage structure of labor market, namely, in the labor market, the negotiation ability of low-end labor having exceeded high-end labor's; At the same time, this paper proves that most scholars support the investment of middle high-end labor force can improve the efficiency of economic growth better than the investment of low-end labor. It can be concluded that, in China along with the adjustment of industrial structure, the continual rise of the absolute number of middle and high-end labor, to some degree, can make up for the loss in the efficiency of economic growth brought by the aging of low-end labor.
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