汉语重音的发音特性

Yaqian Huang
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摘要

双周期发声是一种包含两个交替周期的沙哑声音。本研究以普通话朗读录音资料为基础,基于电声门图(EGG)的时域测量方法,探讨了汉语双周期发音的发音特性及其音调分布。所有音调(T3: 43%, >, T2, >, T4, >, T1: 11%)均发现周期加倍(PD),比声部更普遍,主要见于T3(48%)和T2(43%),仅偶有见于T4(7%)和T1(2%)。我们计算了PD的两个交替的声门周期,它们的比例接近3:2或2:1。这两个脉冲也在高振幅和低振幅之间交替,平均比值约为2或1.6。女性往往比男性产生更多的PD。此外,使用混合方法通过EGG测量PD的接触商约为0.5,与模态声音(0.54)相似,小于声部(0.74),表明发声过程中开口和接触相位更为平衡。接触商和对称商的交替也出现在一些样本中,这表明PD可能是通过两个具有不同音质和音调的交替脉冲来表达的。
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Articulatory properties of period-doubled voice in Mandarin
Period-doubled phonation is a type of creaky voice that contains two alternating periods. By presenting data from Mandarin Chinese read speech recordings, this study probes the articulatory properties of period-doubled phonation and its tonal distribution based on time-domain measures using electroglottography (EGG). Period doubling (PD) was found across all the tones (T3: 43% > T2 > T4 > T1: 11%), which was more prevalent than vocal fry, found mainly in T3 (48%) and T2 (43%), and only sporadically in T4 (7%) and T1 (2%). We calculated the two alternating glottal periods in PD, and they exhibited a ratio close to 3:2 or 2:1. The two pulses also alternated between higher and lower amplitudes with a mean ratio approximating 2 or 1.6. Women tended to produce more PD than men. Moreover, the contact quotient of PD, measured via EGG using the hybrid method, was around 0.5, similar to modal voice (0.54) and smaller than that of vocal fry (0.74), implying a more balanced opening and contact phase during phonation. Alternation of contact quotient and symmetry quotient was also seen in a few samples, suggesting that PD is likely articulated through two alternating pulses with distinct voice qualities and pitches.
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