Role of Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing in Monitoring and Management of Urban and Watershed Environment: Overview

Geoinformatics technology is basically comprises of 3S component, Remote Sensing (RS), Geographic Information System (GIS) and Global Positioning System (GPS). Nowadays Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing are playing a crucial role in our environmental development, raw materials assessment, urbanization, study of watershed, survey and management of cultivable land, study of forestry, geological structure, disaster management and supervision, etc. GIS and RS have emerged as key instruments for retrieving data and information on the earth during the last 30 years. These days, spatial, temporal and spectral resolve satellite data are accessible and using GIS environment their applications have multiplied for the purpose of research work. The objective of the present paper is to present an overview of the state-of-the-art technology behind GIS and RS. This study also highlights the importance of GIS and RS in managing, monitoring and analysing of contemporary issues, such as, urbanization and watershed management, etc. Keywords: Geographic information system, remote sensing, urbanization, watershed monitoring, environment