Seismological Studies on the Deep Interiors of the Earth Viewed from the Polar Region

Seismological studies on the deep interiors of the Earth (depth range from the mantle to the inner core) viewed from the polar region have an advantage to promote global geosci-ences, such as for revealing the heterogeneous structural variations along the latitude from the poles to the equators. In this chapter, major seismological investigations, which had been held during the IPY, particularly newly identified founding of deep interiors of the Earth, will be introduced.