家庭农场肉鸡生产的经济效益

B. Veljković, Milica Kostić, S. Rakonjac, R. Koprivica, M. Gavrilović, M. Petrović
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引用次数: 0

摘要

塞尔维亚肉鸡的增肥部分是通过小型家庭农场的合同生产来组织的,这些农场为大公司的需求增肥肉鸡。本文对这个小型家庭农场进行了经济分析,该农场在120平方米的小面积上每年生产约1.2万公斤鸡肉,家庭成员一直参与其中,其他成员在需要时提供帮助。养鸡场的育肥肉鸡采用两种方式组织:25天育肥1公斤,56天育肥3.5-4公斤。对于25日龄以下的育肥肉鸡,平均饲料成本占45%,日龄雏鸡占26%,人工成本占22%。56日龄以下肉鸡的平均成本占比最大,为饲料成本62.4%,人工成本26.2%。育肥肉鸡的价格在育肥期间没有变化,因此一种育肥方式实现的生产价值相同,另一种育肥方式实现的生产价值相近,而每一轮育肥的生产成本都在增加,影响了贡献边际的降低。除了饲料混合物价格上涨外,该农场还取得了积极的经济效益,并通过合同生产,确保了安全采购,降低了生产风险。
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ECONOMIC RESULTS OF BROILERS PRODUCTION ON THE FAMILY FARM
The fattening of broilers in Serbia is partially organized through contract production in small family farms that fatten broilers for the needs of large companies. The article contains an economic analysis of this small family farm, which produces about 12 000 kg of chicken meat per year on a small area of 120 m2, with one family member involved all the time and other members helping as needed. Fattening broilers on the farm is organized in two ways: contract fattening up to 1 kg for 25 days and fattening up to 3.5-4 kg for 56 days. In the case of fattening broilers up to 25 days of age, on average, feed costs account for 45%, day-old chicks for 26%, and labor costs for 22%. For broilers up to 56 days of age, the largest average share is feed costs 62.4% and labor costs 26.2%. The price of fattened broilers did not change during the fattening period, so the realized production value was the same in one fattening method and similar in the other fattening method, while cost of production increased in each fattening round, which affected the reduction of contribution margine. In addition to the increase prices of feed mixtures, positive economic results were achieved on the farm, and with contract production, secure purchasing was ensured and risks in production were reduced.
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