Optimization-based Fault Location on High Voltage Direct Current Transmission Lines

The great developments in AC-DC-AC conversion technology and the connection of renewable energy sources through long distances have resulted in the extensive growth of high voltage direct current (HVDC) systems. The operation of HVDC systems remains a challenge. In particular, the problem of fault location on HVDC transmission lines plays an important role. This paper proposes a fault location technique on an HVDC transmission line which is based on transforming the fault location problem into an optimization problem. Then, a water wave optimization (WWO) algorithm is proposed to solve the above optimization problem for identifying fault locations on the HVDC transmission line. The WWO algorithm-based fault location results are compared with others to validate the proposal.