易于计算的(s, s)库存系统运行特性的近似

R. Ehrhardt
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引用次数: 7

摘要

(s, s)库存系统的运行特性通常难以计算,使得系统设计和敏感性分析变得繁琐而昂贵。本文提出了一种简化敏感性分析的方法,并推导出一个简单(s, s)库存系统运行特性的近似表达式。所考虑的运行特征是每期总成本、每期持有成本、每期补充成本、每期积压成本和积压频率的期望值。利用最小二乘回归对大量不同参数设置的库存物品的运行特征进行简单函数拟合,得到了近似结果。对于大多数近似值来说,精度在实际值的几个百分点以内是典型的。对于几个理想化的设计问题,说明了近似的潜在用途,包括整合来自多个地点的需求,以及增加服务或减少补充交付前置时间的权衡。
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Easily computed approximations for (s,S) inventory system operating characteristics
The operating characteristics of (s,S) inventory systems are often difficult to compute, making systems design and sensitivity analysis tedious and expensive undertakings. This article presents a methodology for simplified sensitivity analysis, and derives approximate expressions for operating characteristics of a simple (s,S) inventory system. The operating characteristics under consideration are the expected values of total cost per period, holding cost per period, replenishment cost per period, backlog cost per period, and backlog frequency. The approximations are obtained by using least-squares regression to fit simple functions to the operating characteristics of a large number of inventory items with diverse parameter settings. Accuracy to within a few percent of actual values is typical for most approximations. Potential uses of the approximations are illustrated for several idealized design problems, including consolidating demand from several locations, and tradeoffs for increasing service or reducing replenishment delivery lead time.
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