THE MAIN DIRECTIONS AND METHODS OF RESEARCH OF TOPONYMY OF SARYARKA

Modern toponymy develops at the intersection of geographical, linguistic and historical sciences, so the research methods are also based on the methodological foundations of these three sciences. The main research methods include descriptive, historical, lexicon-geographical, comparativegeographical, cartographic (GIS), and statistical methods. The predominance of a particular method depends on the characteristics of toponyms, the conditions of their historical and geographical development, and the geographical features of the territory under study. The article deals with the history of the study of the toponymy of Saryarka, which covers a large territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In addition, along with the research methods, the place and possibilities of using geoinformation (GIS), cartographic methods in toponymic research are considered.