Elimination of Hot-Spot in a Photovoltaic Module using Protection Diode

Partial shading is a common phenomenon in the photovoltaic (PV) system and reduces maximum generated output power. In the efficient solar module shadowing effect, a relatively hot spot hinders improving the overall PV system. Bypass diode (BPD) and blocking diodes (BD) are two essential components to protect the PV module or array from unwanted heat loss. Light intensity is an essential parameter for PV power generation, and various levels of sun irradiance levels give the theoretical understanding of partial shading in the solar cell. In this paper, the current-voltage (I-V) and power-voltage (P-V) characteristics have been analysed in the case of shadowing cells with unshaded cells in Matlab software. Also, the output characteristics have been shown with and without BPD.