{"title":"标准的观点","authors":"D. Sidebotham, A. Merry, M. Legget, Gavin Wright","doi":"10.1093/med/9780198759089.003.0004","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"In Chapter 4, the 28 standard 2D TOE views, as recommended by the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) and the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists (SCA), are described. For each view, a line drawing is provided, indicating relevant cardiac structures. Line drawings of normal spectral Doppler waveforms are also provided. 3D images of normal mitral, aortic, and tricuspid valves, displayed in their recommended orientations, are demonstrated. In addition to standard views, a sequential approach to performing a comprehensive TOE examination is described. Tables summarizing the indications and contraindications to TOE examination, as outlined by the ASE/SCA, are provided.","PeriodicalId":153040,"journal":{"name":"Practical Perioperative Transoesophageal Echocardiography","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Standard views\",\"authors\":\"D. Sidebotham, A. Merry, M. Legget, Gavin Wright\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/med/9780198759089.003.0004\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"In Chapter 4, the 28 standard 2D TOE views, as recommended by the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) and the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists (SCA), are described. For each view, a line drawing is provided, indicating relevant cardiac structures. Line drawings of normal spectral Doppler waveforms are also provided. 3D images of normal mitral, aortic, and tricuspid valves, displayed in their recommended orientations, are demonstrated. In addition to standard views, a sequential approach to performing a comprehensive TOE examination is described. Tables summarizing the indications and contraindications to TOE examination, as outlined by the ASE/SCA, are provided.\",\"PeriodicalId\":153040,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Practical Perioperative Transoesophageal Echocardiography\",\"volume\":\"104 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2018-09-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Practical Perioperative Transoesophageal Echocardiography\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198759089.003.0004\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Practical Perioperative Transoesophageal Echocardiography","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198759089.003.0004","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
In Chapter 4, the 28 standard 2D TOE views, as recommended by the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) and the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists (SCA), are described. For each view, a line drawing is provided, indicating relevant cardiac structures. Line drawings of normal spectral Doppler waveforms are also provided. 3D images of normal mitral, aortic, and tricuspid valves, displayed in their recommended orientations, are demonstrated. In addition to standard views, a sequential approach to performing a comprehensive TOE examination is described. Tables summarizing the indications and contraindications to TOE examination, as outlined by the ASE/SCA, are provided.
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