VNLES: A Reasoning-enable Legal Expert System using Ontology Modeling-based Method: A Case Study of Vietnam Criminal Code

The main purpose of this research is to develop a method to model the criminal code by its essence to serve a legal reasoning-enable expert system. Ontology combines a hierarchi-cal structure and logical reasoning, that can mitigate semantic equivocation and produce the figured semantic information. The ontology is based on Description Logics Semantic Web Ontology Language (OWL-DL) extracted from the Vietnamese Penal Code. Logical relationships will be defined as rules in the Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) language. The fact that legal domain is very complicated, so the construction of solid legal domain ontologies is acknowledged as a difficult and complex process. This study approaches the strategy named middle-out, which is composed of two interrelated strategies: top-down and bottom-up. Moreover, the model will be used as a component in a legal reasoning-enable expert system. The reasoning-enable system is a smart system that can provide critical analytical, and evaluation for checking and evaluating an act and whether is legitimate. The system also supported the purposes of legal reasoning and law-making in the Fourth Industrial Revolution which caused the rapid development of quantity and quality high-tech crime, and new criminal minds. All are being analyzed, built, and evaluated based on Vietnam Law characteristics, but also expected to be able to apply in other countries.