协议的变更与终止:关于保证债权人与债务人利益平衡的几个争议问题

A. F. Pyankova
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摘要

如果法律允许提前终止合同的可能性,则应提供某些确保各方利益平衡的方法。本文认为合同解除是一个比合同终止更广泛的概念,并提出了合同解除和合同终止的理由体系。有人强调,必须考虑到经双方协议终止合同时第三方的利益。合同因重大违约而解除时的利益平衡由以下文书规定:违约的重大性标准;为履行义务提供合理期限的义务。对于情节的重大变化,笔者认为《民法典》第451条的规定并没有提供当事人利益的平衡。
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AMENDMENT AND TERMINATION OF AGREEMENT: ON SOME CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES OF ENSURING BALANCE OF INTERESTS OF CREDITOR AND DEBTOR
if the law allows the possibility of early contract' termination, certain ways of ensuring the balance of all parties' interests should be provided. It is concluded that the dissolution of contract is a broader concept than the termination of the contract, and a system of grounds for dissolution and termination of contracts is presented. The necessity to take into account third parties' interests under termination of the contract by agreement of the parties was underlined. The balance of interests in the dissolution of the contract because of its material breach is provided by the following instruments: the criterion of the materiality of the breach; obligation to provide a reasonable period for the fulfillment of obligations. As for the material change in the circumstances, the author argues that the rule of Art. 451 of the Civil Code does not provide the balance of the parties' interests.
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